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Method of extracting and separating crude oil

A technology for extraction and crude oil, which is applied in the petroleum industry, processing hydrocarbon oil, refining hydrocarbon oil, etc., can solve the problems of inconspicuous separation effect and incomplete removal of metal components, so as to reduce operating costs and equipment costs, and reduce processing costs. The effect of pressure, prolonging the service life

Inactive Publication Date: 2017-06-13
CHINA UNIV OF PETROLEUM (BEIJING)
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  • Summary
  • Abstract
  • Description
  • Claims
  • Application Information

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

[0005] In order to solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the object of the present invention is to provide a method for extracting and separating crude oil, which uses a selective solvent to divide crude oil into non-polar and polar two-class components through extraction, which can avoid asphaltenes, Colloids are used for coking of equipment and deactivation of catalysts in the refining process, overcoming the shortcomings of ineffective separation and incomplete removal of S, N, and metal components in the traditional distillation process

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  • Method of extracting and separating crude oil
  • Method of extracting and separating crude oil
  • Method of extracting and separating crude oil

Examples

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Embodiment 1

[0033] This embodiment provides a method for extracting and separating crude oil, the process of which is as follows figure 1 shown. The method includes the following steps:

[0034] Add hexamethylphosphoric triamide to the extraction equipment first, then add crude oil 1, the mass ratio of agent to oil is 3:1, the heating temperature of the water bath is 80°C, the pressure is 0.1MPa, stir for 5 minutes, and let it settle for 10 minutes , the solution appears to be clearly stratified, and the stratified solution is separated. The raffinate is mainly aliphatic hydrocarbons, light aromatics and a small amount of solvent, and the extract is mainly condensed ring aromatics, colloids, asphaltenes and a large amount of solvent.

[0035] The extract and raffinate are polar components and non-polar components respectively. The crude oil 1, extract and raffinate are subjected to four-component analysis and S, N and metal Ni, V, Ca, Mg content detection, The results obtained are shown...

Embodiment 2

[0044] This embodiment provides a method for extracting and separating crude oil, the process of which is as follows figure 1 shown. The method includes the following steps:

[0045] First add 1,3 dimethyl 2-imidazolidinone into the extraction equipment, and then add crude oil 1, the mass ratio of agent to oil is 3:1, the heating temperature of the water bath is 80°C, the pressure is 0.1MPa, and the stirring is continued for 5 minutes. After standing and settling for 10 minutes, the solution appeared to be clearly stratified, and the stratified solution was separated. The raffinate was mainly aliphatic hydrocarbons, light aromatics and a small amount of solvent, and the extract was mainly polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, colloids, asphaltene and a large amount of solvents .

[0046] The extract and the raffinate correspond to polar components and non-polar components in the present invention respectively, carry out four-component analysis and S, N and metal Ni, V, Ca, Mg c...

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Abstract

The invention provides a method of extracting and separating crude oil. The method comprises the step of extracting the crude oil by adopting a selective solvent, wherein the selective solvent comprises a polar non-proton solvent. According to a polarity effect and hydrogen-bond interaction, the crude oil is divided into polar and nonpolar two components. During solvent separation, an inorganic salt component in the crude oil is enriched, and corrosion of Cl to equipment is reduced. A demulsifier can be added into the solvent extraction process so that moisture in the crude oil can be removed through the solvent better. While the crude oil is separated, the content of S, N and metal in a light component can be reduced at the same time, and the processing pressure of subsequent devices is reduced. According to the method of extracting and separating the crude oil, not only is energy consumption far lower than that of distillation, but also coking, polymerization or dissociation of heavy distillates of petroleum in the process can be avoided, a high-vacuum apparatus during reduced pressure distillation is not needed either, and the operation cost and equipment cost are remarkably reduced.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to a method for extracting and separating crude oil, belonging to the technical field of petroleum processing. Background technique [0002] Inferiority and heavyness of crude oil have become the development trend in recent years, and most of the crude oil imported by my country is heavy oil with poor quality. In order to make better use of petroleum resources, it is very necessary to lighten heavy oil. [0003] To realize the lightening of crude oil, the separation of light and heavy components of crude oil should be realized first. The traditional method of processing crude oil is to cut crude oil fractions by atmospheric and vacuum distillation. However, since distillation is separated according to different boiling points, there are heavy components in each side stream. These heavy components include polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, colloids, and asphaltenes, which are easily adsorbed on the surface of the catalyst, causing...

Claims

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Application Information

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Patent Type & Authority Applications(China)
IPC IPC(8): C10G21/00C10G21/16C10G21/20C10G21/24
CPCC10G21/003C10G21/16C10G21/20C10G21/24C10G2300/1033C10G2300/205C10G2300/206
Inventor 刘艳升曹睿伍洛刘拥军
Owner CHINA UNIV OF PETROLEUM (BEIJING)
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