Electromagnetic-acoustic orthopedic surgery guiding device and alarm method thereof

Abstract

The invention relates to an electromagnetic-acoustic orthopedic surgery guiding device and an alarm method thereof. The device includes a drill rod, an electromagnetic acoustic sensor, a measurement and control instrument, an alarm indicator and a power source. The drill rod comprises a front end for surgery drilling and a corresponding rear end. The electromagnetic acoustic sensor is arranged atthe rear end of the drill rod. The measurement and control instrument is connected with the electromagnetic acoustic sensor, the alarm indicator and the power source separately. The electromagnetic acoustic sensor comprises a metallic sheath, a coil, a permanent magnet and a sound absorption sleeve. The metallic sheath is in interference fit with the drill rod. The coil winds around the metallic sheath. The permanent magnet is connected with the metallic sheath. The sound absorption sleeve is firmly matched with the endmost portion of the drill rod. Compared with the prior art, the electromagnetic-acoustic orthopedic surgery guiding device and the alarm method thereof can overcome the influence of body fluid on detection in an electrical conductivity detection method, precisely measure thethickness of front tissue, and guide spinal surgery drilling.

Description

Technical field [0001] The invention relates to an ultrasonic sensor and medical equipment in the field of biomedical engineering, in particular to an electromagnetic acoustic orthopedic surgery guide device and an alarm method thereof, and more specifically to a device for detecting biological tissues in orthopedic spinal surgery Ultrasonic sensors and equipment to assist drilling. Background technique [0002] At present, there are four types of bone surgery navigation methods at home and abroad: mechanical tool-assisted monitoring screw implantation, intraoperative evoked potential monitoring screw implantation, computer image-assisted monitoring screw implantation and simple auxiliary detection surgical tools. The advantages of the first method are simple and easy to implement, low cost, and good safety; the disadvantage is that it is more dependent on the clinical experience of the doctor. The advantage of the second method is that it can prevent complications such as nerve...

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

The advantages of the first method are simplicity, low cost, and good safety; the disadvantage is that it relies more on the clinical experience of doctors

The advantage of the second method is that it can prevent complications such as nerve root damage caused by improper instrument position, and it is more sensitive than X-ray fluoroscopy; the disadvantage is that it cannot continue to monitor after the pedicle is pierced, and it cannot directly reflect the screw position

The third method includes X-ray image and ultrasonic image monitoring. The advantage is that the position of the nail can be judged intuitively, which can greatly improve the success rate of the operation; Equipment, the operation is complicated, the operation time is relatively long, and if X-images are used, it has radiation

Such as David T.Raphael, Jin Ho Chang, Yao Ping Zhang, David Kudija, Thomas C.Chen, K.Kirk Shung proposed "A-Mode ultrasound guidance for pedicle screw advancement in ovine vertebral bodies" (The Spine Journal, 2010, 10 :422-432), the piezoelectric ultrasound is used, through the two piezoelectric crystals installed at the front, respectively monitor the ultrasonic echo generated in the forward direction and the lateral direction, and judge the probe by the change of echo time and amplitude The position is judged accurately by this method. The disadvantage is that the piezoelectric crystal needs to be installed on the front end of the probe, and it is easily damaged by force during the drilling process. Therefore, it is generally only used as a detector, and cannot realize the functions of drilling holes such as openings and openings. At the same time, the volume of the probe is relatively large, which is not conducive to the miniaturization of system integration, and cannot meet the surgical requirements of drilling and drilling.

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