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Fiber-preform-reinforced aerogel insulating composite material and preparation method thereof

A composite material and prefabricated technology, applied in the field of inorganic materials, can solve the problem of non-contained, and achieve the effect of improving performance, excellent mechanical properties, and good thermal stability

Inactive Publication Date: 2018-05-18
AEROSPACE RES INST OF MATERIAL & PROCESSING TECH +1
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  • Summary
  • Abstract
  • Description
  • Claims
  • Application Information

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Problems solved by technology

However, opacifiers are generally ceramic particles with a particle size of a few microns, such as: TiO 2 , Fe 2 o 3 , SiC, ZrO 2 etc., it is difficult to introduce or disperse into the ceramic fiber blanket through the impregnation process, so the existing fiber-reinforced airgel thermal insulation composites usually do not contain opacifying agents

Method used

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  • Fiber-preform-reinforced aerogel insulating composite material and preparation method thereof
  • Fiber-preform-reinforced aerogel insulating composite material and preparation method thereof
  • Fiber-preform-reinforced aerogel insulating composite material and preparation method thereof

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preparation example Construction

[0037] Such as figure 1 Shown is the preparation process flow chart of the fiber prefabricated body reinforced airgel thermal insulation composite material of the present invention; the preparation method of the fiber prefabricated body reinforced airgel thermal insulation composite material of the present invention specifically comprises the following steps:

[0038](1) Disperse ceramic fiber, opacifying agent and silica sol in deionized water to obtain ceramic fiber slurry, wherein the mass ratio of ceramic fiber, opacifying agent, silica sol and deionized water is 1:0.1~0.5:0.01~ 0.1: 40-120.

[0039] In this step, the ceramic fiber, opacifying agent and silica sol can be mixed first to prepare a fiber prefabricated body as a reinforcement, and then dispersed in deionized water.

[0040] (2) The ceramic fiber slurry is suction-filtered to obtain a fiber preform wet body; the water content in the fiber preform wet body is 75%-90% (mass percentage content of water).

[0041...

Embodiment 1

[0047] (1) Disperse 104g of quartz fiber, 31g of alumina fiber, 14g of zirconia, and 1.5g of silica sol in 13.5kg of deionized water, and stir until uniform to obtain fiber slurry;

[0048] (2) forming the above-mentioned slurry by suction filtration to obtain a filter cake; shaping to a thickness of 25mm; water content in the filter cake is 82%;

[0049] (3) drying the above filter cake in an oven at 100°C for 30 hours to obtain a fiber preform;

[0050] (4) Use the pre-configured Al 2 o 3 -SiO 2 The fiber preform is impregnated with sol; after gelation, it is aged in ethanol for 48 hours, and then supercritically dried in ethanol at a drying temperature of 250°C and a pressure of 8MPa.

[0051] The above materials were heat-treated in a high-temperature furnace at 1000°C for 1 hour, and the linear shrinkage in the plane direction was 0; the thermal conductivity at room temperature was 0.040W / m·K (test standard GB / T10295-2008).

[0052] Such as figure 2 Shown is the cer...

Embodiment 2

[0055] (1) Disperse 104g of quartz fiber, 31g of mullite fiber, 1.75g ​​of silica sol, and 14g of silicon carbide in 13.5kg of deionized water, and stir until uniform to obtain a fiber slurry;

[0056] (2) The above slurry is suction-filtered to obtain a filter cake; shaped to a thickness of 25mm; the water content in the filter cake is 90%.

[0057] (3) drying the above filter cake in an oven at 100°C for 60 hours to obtain a fiber preform;

[0058] (4) with pre-configured SiO 2 The fiber preform is impregnated with sol; after gelation, it is aged in ethanol for 72 hours, and then supercritically dried in ethanol at a drying temperature of 250°C and a pressure of 8MPa.

[0059] The above materials were heat-treated in a high-temperature furnace at 1000°C for 1 hour, and the linear shrinkage in the plane direction was 0.5%; the thermal conductivity at room temperature was 0.029W / m·K (test standard GB / T10295-2008).

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Abstract

The invention relates to a fiber-preform-reinforced aerogel insulating composite material. The fiber-preform-reinforced aerogel insulating composite material adopts ceramic fiber preform containing anopacifying agent as a reinforcement ,and adopts aerogel with nanopores as a matrix; a mass ratio of ceramic fiber in the ceramic fiber preform to the opacifying agent is 1:(0.1 to 0.5), and the opacifying agent is one or combination of TiO2, ZrO2, ZrSiO4, Cr2O3, Fe2O3 or SiC; the pore volume of the aerogel is larger than 2.5g / cm<3>. The fiber-preform-reinforced aerogel insulating composite material and the preparation method thereof have the beneficial effects that the high-temperature insulating property of the fiber-reinforced aerogel insulating material is obviously improved, and the highest use temperature of the material can reach 1200 DEG C, so that the heat stability is good; in addition, the fiber-preform-reinforced aerogel insulating composite material is good in mechanical property, and can be cut and machined into various member shapes to meet different use requirements.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to a fiber prefabricated body reinforced airgel thermal insulation composite material and a preparation method thereof, belonging to the field of inorganic materials, and the prepared thermal insulation composite material can be used as a large-area thermal protection material for a hypersonic aircraft. Background technique [0002] Airgel materials have the outstanding characteristics of light weight and low thermal conductivity, and are especially suitable for use as large-area heat insulation materials for hypersonic aircraft, which can block the transmission of aerodynamic heat to the interior of the aircraft and protect the safety of the aircraft. In addition, airgel thermal insulation materials can also be used as high-performance thermal insulation materials in construction, kiln and other industries. With the increasing shortage of energy worldwide, aerogels with excellent thermal insulation properties have become one of t...

Claims

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Application Information

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Patent Type & Authority Applications(China)
IPC IPC(8): C04B30/02
CPCC04B30/02C04B2201/32C04B14/4625C04B14/42C04B14/306C04B14/4656C04B14/324C04B14/046
Inventor 李俊宁胡子君吴文军杨海龙王晓婷孙陈诚孙晶晶
Owner AEROSPACE RES INST OF MATERIAL & PROCESSING TECH
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