Method and device for separating lithium from lithium-containing solution

A lithium solution and lithium ion technology, applied in the field of lithium separation, can solve the problems of high cost, low efficiency, high impurity content, etc.

Active Publication Date: 2018-05-22
CENT SOUTH UNIV
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  • Summary
  • Abstract
  • Description
  • Claims
  • Application Information

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Problems solved by technology

[0007] The present invention provides a method and device for separating lithium from a lithium-containing solution that overcomes the above problems or at least partially solves the above-me...

Method used

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  • Method and device for separating lithium from lithium-containing solution
  • Method and device for separating lithium from lithium-containing solution

Examples

Experimental program
Comparison scheme
Effect test

Embodiment 1

[0055] Using the above-mentioned electrolytic cell, the anode and the cathode are made of carbon fiber cloth, and the two ion exchange membranes are microporous polytetrafluoroethylene membranes. The anode chamber is filled with 300ml of lithium-containing solution, and its cation composition is: Mg 2+ 100g / L, Li + 2g / L, Na + 3.5g / L, K + 3g / L and Ca 2+ 2g / L; the organic phase chamber contains tributyl phosphate and FeCl 3 300ml of supporting electrolyte with a concentration of 1mol / L NaCl is filled in the cathode chamber. The reagents in the three chambers are respectively circulated through the pump, and the current density is controlled at 30°C to 25A / m 2 , keep the pH of the lithium-containing solution in the anode chamber at about 5, and the pH of the solution in the cathode chamber at 2-3. After electrolysis for 10 hours, the concentration of metal ions in the cathode chamber is shown in the table below.

[0056]

Embodiment 2

[0058] Using the above-mentioned electrolytic cell, the anode and cathode are made of high-purity graphite, and the two ion-exchange membranes are porous polypropylene membranes. The anode chamber is filled with 300ml of lithium-containing solution, and its cation composition is: Mg 2+ 15g / L, Li + 20g / L, Na + 6g / L, K + 4g / L and Ca 2+ 2g / L, the organic phase chamber is filled with a mixed reagent of tributyl phosphate and dibenzoyltoluene, and the cathode chamber is filled with 300ml concentration of 2mol / L K 2 SO 4 supporting electrolyte. The solutions in the three chambers are respectively circulated through the pump, and the current density is controlled at 40°C to 40A / m 2 , keep the pH of the lithium-containing solution in the anode chamber at 3.5, and control the pH of the solution in the cathode chamber within the range of 4-5. After 14 hours of electrolysis, the concentration of metal ions in the cathode chamber is shown in the table below.

[0059]

Embodiment 3

[0061] Using the electrolytic cell mentioned above, the material of the anode is high-purity graphite, the material of the cathode is stainless steel, and the two ion exchange membranes are proton exchange membranes. The anode chamber is filled with 300ml of lithium-containing solution, and 2700mL is prepared externally for circulation replenishment. The cation composition is: Mg 2+ 95g / L, Li + 0.5g / L, Na + 5.4g / L, K + 3.2g / L and Ca 2+ 3g / L, the organic phase chamber contains tributyl phosphate and ClO - 4 300ml of supporting electrolyte with a concentration of 0.1mol / L HCl was filled into the cathode chamber. The solutions in the three chambers are respectively circulated through the pump, and the current density is controlled at 15A / m at 20°C 2 , keep the pH of the lithium-containing solution in the anode chamber at about 5, and the pH of the solution in the cathode chamber at about 4. After 30 hours of electrolysis, the concentration of metal ions in the cathode cham...

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Abstract

The invention provides a method and a device for separating lithium from a lithium-containing solution. The method comprises the following steps: dividing an electrolytic cell into an anode chamber, an organic phase chamber and a cathode chamber by adopting an ion exchange membrane; and transferring lithium ions in the lithium-containing solution inside the anode chamber to a lithium enrichment solution inside the cathode chamber by virtue of an organic phase in the organic phase chamber under the effect of an external voltage, wherein the organic phase is an organic reagent which can selectively have chemical reaction with the lithium ions in the lithium-containing solution; the device comprises the electrolytic cell; the electrolytic cell is divided into the anode chamber, the organic phase chamber and the cathode chamber by adopting the iron exchange membrane; and the organic phase chamber is positioned between the anode chamber and the cathode chamber. Compared with the prior art which has low separation efficiency on the lithium irons and the other metal irons in the lithium-containing solution, the method and the device for separating the lithium from the lithium-containing solution, provided by the invention, can be used for treating a lithium-containing solution which has a relatively high magnetism to lithium ratio.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to metallurgical technology, more specifically, to a method and device for separating lithium from a lithium-containing solution. Background technique [0002] Lithium is the least dense metal and is widely used in atomic reactors, as well as in the preparation of light alloys and lithium batteries. About 70% of the world's lithium resources are stored in salt lakes, and more than 80% of lithium products are obtained through the extraction of lithium in salt lakes. There are a large number of salt lakes in China, and lithium reserves are abundant and of high grade. [0003] However, the ratio of magnesium to lithium in most salt lake brines is above 40, with the highest reaching 1837. Since magnesium lithium is in the diagonal position in the periodic table, Mg 2+ with Li + The chemical properties of magnesium and lithium are very similar, and the separation of magnesium and lithium is very difficult, which seriously restricts...

Claims

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Application Information

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IPC IPC(8): C22B26/12
CPCC22B26/12
Inventor 赵中伟何利华贾航
Owner CENT SOUTH UNIV
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