A graded porous material with specific heavy metal adsorption function and preparation method thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses a graded pore material with the function of specifically adsorbing heavy metals and a preparation method thereof. The method comprises the following steps: (1) mixing a silicon source and a template agent, stirring, and hydrolyzing to obtain a silicon source hydrolyzate; (2) ) adding seed crystals to the silicon source hydrolyzate, and performing crystallization treatment after ultrasonic dispersion to obtain a crystallization solution; (3) centrifuging, washing and drying the crystallization solution to obtain a dry crystallization product, which is modified by alkali (4) using a modifier to modify the polarity of the calcined material to obtain the graded porous material with the function of specifically adsorbing heavy metals. The invention has mild preparation conditions, simple equipment, environmental protection, no harsh reaction conditions, little environmental pollution and low energy consumption. The grade pore material of the invention has a high removal rate of heavy metals, and has adsorption effect on various heavy metals, especially for the specific adsorption of heavy metal arsenic, and the removal rate is as high as 99.9%.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to the field of heavy metal ion adsorption materials, in particular to a graded porous material with the function of specifically adsorbing heavy metals and a preparation method thereof. Background technique [0002] Hierarchical porous materials, as an important inorganic material, have been widely studied by scholars in the field of catalysis due to their unique and regular channels and adjustable structural characteristics, and have been applied to the fields of acid-base catalysis, adsorption and ion exchange. In recent years, It has also expanded to emerging fields such as biomedicine, optical electronics and sensor technology. According to the definition of the International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry (IUPAC), porous materials can be divided into three categories according to their pore size: micropores (≤2nm), mesoporous (2-50nm) and macropores (≥50nm). Among the three types of porous materials, microporous zeolit...

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Problems solved by technology

Among the three types of porous materials, microporous zeolites, such as ZSM-5 and Y-type zeolites, have become important catalysts in modern petroleum and chemical industries due to their high hydrothermal stability and strong acidity, but they are relatively small. The pore size limits its application in macromolecular reactions

The pore size of mesoporous materials is large, but the acid strength is not enough, and the hydrothermal stability is poor, which also hinders its application in industrial production.

Three-dimensional regular macroporous materials have the characteristics of large pore size (tens of nanometers to hundreds of nanometers), uniform distribution, and strong periodicity of arrangement. However, due to the large pore size, macroporous materials no longer have the ability to screen small molecules.

[0005] Patent No. CN 105536740 A Chinese Patent "Preparation Method and Application of Organic-Inorganic Hybrid Amino Polymer Adsorbent for Adsorption of Dyes and Heavy Metal Ions" The organic-inorganic hybrid amino polymer adsorbent has very high The adsorption capacity and adsorption efficiency are high, but the organic solvent acetonitrile is used in the preparation process, which has certain toxicity;

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