Monatomic rhodium catalyst, and preparation and applications thereof
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A catalyst and atomic technology, applied in the field of single-atom rhodium-based catalysts and their preparation, can solve the problems of difficult recovery and reuse of homogeneous catalysts, large phosphorus-containing ligands, and low actual utilization of rhodium, and achieve excellent recycling performance , the effect of high catalytic activity
Inactive Publication Date: 2019-06-07
DALIAN INST OF CHEM PHYSICS CHINESE ACAD OF SCI
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However, there are still many problems in this process: 1. Use a large amount of phosphorus-containing ligands; 2. The homogeneous catalyst used is difficult to be recovered and reused, and has certain pollution to the product
Although supported catalysts can be easily recycled, the biggest common problem of this type of rhodium-based nanoparticle catalysts is that only the atoms exposed on the surface of the nanoparticles
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Embodiment 1-11
[0035] 1. Preparation of catalyst:
[0036] Weigh 200mg of carrier, disperse in 100ml of ultrapure water, stir at room temperature for 0.5h, then add 0.1mg Rh / mL rhodium chloride solution 0.2-40mL, continue stirring at room temperature for 3h. After suction filtration, it was washed with 50 mL of ultrapure water, dried at 60°C for 12 h, and reduced with hydrogen (hydrogen flow rate: 40 mL / min) at 200°C for 0.5 h. A monoatomic rhodium catalyst with a loading of 0.01-2 wt% is available. The obtained catalysts are listed in Table 1.
[0037] Table 1 Supported Rh-based catalysts
[0038] Example
Embodiment 12-22
[0040] 2. Hydroformylation reaction: After adding 20mg of catalyst, 0.3mL of styrene, and 4mL of organic solvent into the autoclave, fill it with 0.8MPa carbon monoxide and 0.8MPa hydrogen, and stir at 80-100°C for 5-12h. After the reaction system was cooled to room temperature, the remaining gas was released, and the reaction solution was analyzed by GC. See Table 2 for detailed results.
[0041] Table 2 hydroformylation reaction results
[0042]
[0043]
[0044] The catalyst preparation process that embodiment 13 and 14 uses is with embodiment 2, and difference is that the add-on of rhodium chloride solution is respectively 1ml and 2ml;
Embodiment 17
[0045] The catalyst preparation process that embodiment 17 uses is with embodiment 5, and difference is that the add-on of rhodium chloride solution is 4ml;
[0046] The catalyst preparation process used in Example 19 is the same as in Example 6, except that the addition of rhodium chloride solution is 1ml.
[0047] It can be seen from Table 2 that in different rhodium-based catalysts, when titanium dioxide, phosphotungstic acid, phosphomolybdic acid and iron oxide are respectively used as carriers, the selectivity of branched-chain aldehydes in the product is greater than 80%.
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Abstract
The invention relates to a preparation method of a monoatomic rhodium catalyst used for catalyzing alkene hydroformylation reaction to generate branched chain aldehydes and olefine aldehydes. Applications of the monoatomic rhodium catalyst are capable of realizing a whole new reaction approach, tandem of alkene hydroformylation reaction and aldol condensation reaction is realized without adding ofadditional acid or base, and one-step of production of branched chain aldehydes and olefine aldehydes from alkenes and synthetic gas is realized. The main active component of the monoatomic rhodium catalyst is rhodium; rhodium is dispersed on a carrier in atom grade; the mass amount of rhodium accounts for 0.005 to 2wt% of the total mass amount of the monatomic rhodium catalyst. The monoatomic rhodium catalyst is relatively high in catalytic activity and stability in alkene hydroformylation reaction; under the optimum reaction conditions, branched chain aldehyde product selectivity is 95% orhigher. The monoatomic rhodium catalyst is low in economical and environment cost; production separation is convenient; post-treatment is simple; and the application prospect is promising.
Description
technical field [0001] The invention belongs to the field of catalysts, and in particular relates to a single-atom rhodium-based catalyst for catalyzing olefin hydroformylation to generate branched chain aldehydes and alkenals, as well as its preparation method and application. Background technique [0002] The hydroformylation reaction refers to the reaction of olefins and synthesis gas (CO+H 2 ) is the process in which raw materials generate aldehydes under the action of a catalyst. Syngas is produced through coal gasification, and the target product, aldehyde, is a class of fine chemicals with high added value, which can be used to produce chemical products such as resins, plasticizers, rubber antioxidants, gasoline additives, etc. [0003] Since Union Carbide built the world's first low-pressure hydroformylation of propylene to butyraldehyde catalyzed by rhodium-phosphine complexes in 1976, the high activity of Rh-based homogeneous catalysts under mild conditions has be...
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