Preparation method for mercury-free catalyst used in synthesis of vinyl chloride from acetylene through hydrochlorination

Abstract

The invention relates to a preparation method for a catalyst, specifically to a preparation method for a mercury-free catalyst used in the synthesis of vinyl chloride from acetylene through hydrochlorination. The catalyst of the invention comprises a carrier and three active components. The three active components are composed of a component A, a component B and a component C, wherein the component A is chloroauric acid; the component B is ruthenium chloride; the component C is copper chloride; a weight ratio of the elemental gold in the component A to the carrier is 0.01 to 0.2%; a weight ratio of element ruthenium in the component B to the carrier is 0.01 to 0.2%; and a weight ratio of copper chloride in the component C to the carrier is 0.5 to 5%. The active components are loaded on thecarrier by using an equivalent-volume impregnation process; and then drying is carried out to obtain the three-element mercury-free catalyst. The catalyst of the invention has high activity, good selectivity, low price and long service life when applied to the hydrochlorination reaction of acetylene; the catalyst can be conveniently applied to conventional industrial fixed-bed acetylene hydrochlorination reactors, and can conveniently replace existing mercury chloride catalysts without additional auxiliary procedures and steps.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to a catalyst preparation method, in particular to a mercury-free catalyst for the synthesis of vinyl chloride by acetylene hydrochlorination and a preparation method thereof. Background technique [0002] Polyvinyl chloride (PVC) is the most widely used general-purpose plastic in the world. It is a polymer formed by the polymerization of vinyl chloride monomer. At present, there are three main production methods of vinyl chloride monomer, namely acetylene method (calcium carbide method), ethylene method and ethane method. Among them, the main raw material of the acetylene method is coal, the main raw material of the ethylene method is petroleum, and the main raw material of the ethane method is natural gas. Due to my country's special energy structure with more coal, less oil and less gas, the raw material route for PVC resin production in my country is still dominated by calcium carbide acetylene method. The method uses acety...

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a method for preparing a mercury-free catalyst for the synthesis of vinyl chloride by acetylene hydrochlorination. The present invention uses chloroauric acid, ruthenium chloride and copper chloride as active components to solve the problem of using chlorine in the current acetylene hydrochlorination process. The problem of environmental pollution caused by mercuric catalyst can also solve the disadvantages of high cost and short service life caused by gold loading when chloroauric acid is used alone as the active component