Production method and structure of aluminum electrolysis continuous prebaked anode

Abstract

The invention discloses a production method of an aluminum electrolysis continuous prebaked anode. The method comprises a bonding method of stud nut adjustable hollow filling, molten aluminum pouring-mechanical composite steel claws, a new anode carbon block and an old anode carbon block and a heat preservation mode for cooperative use of the stud nut adjustable hollow filling, molten aluminum pouring-mechanical composite steel claws and the anode carbon blocks. According to the production method, the old anode carbon block is consumed, the new anode carbon block is connected and then consumedagain, another new anode carbon block is connected in a circulating mode, so that the production of the continuous prebaked anode is realized, the resistivity of an anode assembly is reduced, hollowfilling, molten aluminum pouring and mechanical composite steel claws and the anode carbon blocks are are convenient to use, the bonding of the new anode carbon block and the old anode carbon block isfirm and reliable, the resistance between the new anode carbon block and the old anode carbon block is small, the electrolysis energy consumption is reduced, the residual electrode is eliminated, theconnection is convenient and safe, the heat insulation effect is good, the heat energy loss is small, the power consumption of an electrolytic cell can be greatly reduced, and the production cost islow.

Description

Technical field [0001] The invention relates to a production method and structure of an aluminum electrolysis continuous prebaked anode, belonging to the technical field of aluminum electrolysis continuous prebaked anode. Background technique [0002] 1. In the existing pre-baked anode electrolytic aluminum production, the anode steel claws and the anode carbon block are all connected by phosphorus pig iron casting. On the upper surface of the pre-baked anode carbon block in the conductive direction, there are 2 to 4 with a diameter of 160-180mm , A round groove with a depth of 80~110mm, commonly known as a carbon bowl. When the anode is assembled, the carbon bowl is used to place the anode claw head. The anode claw head is cast in the carbon bowl with phosphorous pig iron. The steel claw head and the aluminum conductive rod pass through the aluminum Steel explosion welding connection, so that the anode conductive rod and the anode carbon block are connected as a whole to form th...

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Problems solved by technology

[0014] In summary, the prior art has the following technical defects: 1. The existing prebaked anode production of electrolytic aluminum causes huge loss of heat energy when replacing the anode, which takes time to replace the anode and causes waste of electric energy. The conditions are extremely bad, the waste of carbon materials is large, and the environment is seriously polluted; 2. Chinese patent 201710088066.4 discloses the method and structure of the prebaked anode aluminum electrolysis online connection anode. When the old anode carbon block is to be connected with the new anode carbon block, the temperature reaches It is about 750℃, and the temperature difference between the new anode carbon block and the normal temperature is more than 700°C. After the two are bonded, the temperature of the new anode carbon block gradually rises to about 750°C. Volume expansion, shearing occurs at the bond, and the bond is not strong

[0018] Due to the production process of the existing prebaked anode carbon block, the anode carbon block after roasting is warped and deformed, and the deformation is less than 1%. The length of the prebaked anode carbon block is 1600-1700mm, and the warpage of a single block is generally 5 ~ 10mm, or even more, the warping deformation of the anode carbon block increases the difficulty of bonding continuous anode carbon blocks

[0019] In summary, the existing technology has the following technical defects: 1. Chinese patent 201710088066.4-discloses the method and structure of the online connection of the anode with prebaked anode aluminum electrolysis. When the old anode carbon block is to be connected with the new anode carbon block, the temperature must reach It is about 750℃, and the temperature difference between the new anode carbon block and the normal temperature is more than 700°C. After the two are bonded, the temperature of the new anode carbon block gradually rises to about 750°C. Volume expansion, shearing at the bonding point, weak bonding, and excessive resistance between the new and old anode carbon blocks; 2. The bonding resistance between the prebaked anode carbon blocks is large, resulting in high cell voltage during the electrolysis process of the anode , which is not conducive to energy saving; 3. Due to the limitation of the existing production process of anode carbon blocks, the produced anode carbon blocks are warped and deformed, and the warping deformation of anode carbon blocks increases the difficulty of bonding continuous anode carbon blocks. When two anode carbon blocks are connected up and down, the unevenness of the warping and deformation of the anode carbon blocks will cause gaps at the joint, increase the resistance of the joint, and even cause technical problems that cannot be connected

None of the existing steel claws has the ability to adjust the horizontality of the anode carbon block and the verticality of the guide rod, and cannot really meet the requirements of the final assembly accuracy of the anode carbon block, steel claw, and guide rod components for continuous prebaked anode production, and cannot be popularized Universal use

[0027] 2. Existing prebaked anode production electrolytic aluminum replacement anode causes huge heat loss, time-consuming replacement of anode, resulting in waste of electric energy, high working environment temperature when changing poles, extremely harsh working conditions, large waste of carbon materials, and serious environmental pollution ; When the old anode carbon block is to be connected with the new anode carbon block, the temperature reaches about 750°C, and the temperature difference with the new anode carbon block at room temperature is above 700°C. After the two are bonded, the temperature of the new anode carbon block gradually rises At about 750°C, due to thermal expansion and cold contraction, the volume of the new anode carbon block will expand, and the bond will be sheared and the bond will not be firm;

[0028] 3. When the old anode carbon block is to be connected with the new anode carbon block, the temperature reaches about 750°C, and the temperature difference with the new anode carbon block at room temperature is above 700°C. After the two are bonded, as the temperature of the new anode carbon block gradually When it rises to about 750°C, due to thermal expansion and contraction, the volume of the new anode carbon block will expand, the bond will be sheared, the bond will not be firm, and the resistance between the new and old anode carbon blocks will be too large; prebaked anode carbon blocks The bonding resistance between them is large, which leads to high cell voltage during the electrolysis process of the anode, which is not conducive to energy saving; due to the limitation of the existing production process of the anode carbon block, the produced anode carbon blocks are all warped and deformed, and the warping of the anode carbon block Deformation increases the difficulty of bonding continuous anode carbon blocks. When the new and old anode carbon blocks are connected up and down, the unevenness of the warping and deformation of the anode carbon blocks will cause gaps in the butt joints, increase the resistance of the butt joints, and even fail to connect technical problems;

[0029] 4. The existing technology cannot completely isolate the air, and the surface of the anode carbon block is severely burned; the heat preservation effect is poor, causing a large amount of heat energy loss and increasing the power consumption of the electrolytic cell; The bonding strength of the anode carbon block, the technical problem that it is inconvenient to connect the new anode carbon block

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