Evaporation device and evaporation system for high-speed evaporation with multiple physical fields

[0036] Example 1

[0037] See figure 1 with figure 2 As shown, the embodiment of the present invention provides an evaporation device that uses multiple physical fields for high-speed evaporation, including an evaporation layer, a hydrophobic heat insulation layer 2 and a power supply device 3. The evaporation layer is configured to have heating and hydrophilic properties, and the evaporation The layer is used to extend into the water to be treated, the hydrophobic heat insulation layer 2 is provided at the bottom of the evaporation layer, and the power supply device 3 is connected to the evaporation layer. Furthermore, the evaporation layer includes a heating layer 11 and a hydrophilic layer 12, and the heating layer 11 And/or light energy is converted into heat energy, the hydrophilic layer 12 is attached to one side of the heating layer 11, and the hydrophilic layer 12 is used to extend to the water to be treated and conduct the water to be treated to a position in contact with the heating layer 11, and The hydrophobic heat insulation layer 2 is located under the heating layer 11, and the power supply device 3 is connected to the heating layer 11. Preferably, the power supply device 3 is powered by clean energy.

[0038] In the desalination of seawater or brackish water, the hydrophilic layer 12 is placed in seawater or brackish water, and the 3-position heating layer of the power supply device provides electricity and generates heat, or the heating layer 11 is irradiated with sunlight to make The heating layer 11 converts solar energy into heat energy, and the seawater or brackish water in the hydrophilic layer 12 is heated by the heating effect of the heating layer 11 to evaporate the seawater or brackish water in the hydrophilic layer 12 to complete The desalination treatment of seawater or brackish water in the hydrophilic layer 12, in which the hydrophobic heat insulation layer 2 arranged under the heating layer can limit the heat generated by the heating layer 11 in the evaporation area, avoiding heat transfer to the whole In the water body and the surrounding environment, heat control is realized, heat loss is reduced, and rapid water evaporation is realized, thereby improving the evaporation efficiency of seawater desalination.

[0039] Among them, the evaporation layer is a hydrophilic modified carbon, a hydrophilic modified graphene film, a hydrophilic modified carbon nanotube film, a hydrophilic modified carbon cloth or a hydrophilic modified carbon fiber, and the evaporation layer adopts The material is cheap and environmentally friendly, no secondary pollution, low-voltage electric energy can be used to provide heat energy, and the evaporation layer can conduct the water to be treated, so that the water to be treated absorbs heat and evaporates in the evaporation layer, thereby completing the desalination of the water to be treated.

[0040] Preferably, the heating layer 11 is made of carbon, graphene film, carbon nanotube film, carbon cloth, carbon fiber, conductive rubber, conductive ceramic or metal wire, etc. The heating material used in the heating layer 11 is cheap and environmentally friendly, and has no secondary pollution. Using low-voltage electric energy to provide thermal energy, it can also absorb a large amount of sunlight and convert it into thermal energy; for further, see figure 2 As shown, the heating layer 11 is a porous material, that is, the heating layer 11 has several through holes. The optional materials for the heating layer 11 are porous carbon, mesoporous carbon, activated carbon, etc., which can accelerate the evaporation of water in the hydrophilic layer 12, At this time, the heating layer 11 is at the top, that is, a hydrophilic layer 12 is provided between the heating layer 11 and the hydrophobic heat insulation layer 2; see figure 1 As shown, when the heating layer 11 is a non-porous material, that is, the heating layer 11 has no through-hole structure, the heating layer 11 is located in the middle layer, that is, the hydrophilic layer 12 and the hydrophobic heat insulation layer 2 are provided with this The heating layer 11, by selecting the corresponding layer structure when the heating layer 11 has a through-hole structure, can improve the evaporation of water in the hydrophilic layer 12 when the heating layer 11 heats the hydrophilic layer 12, thereby improving the efficiency of the evaporation device 9 Evaporation efficiency.

[0041] Preferably, the hydrophilic layer 12 is hydrophilic porous zeolite, cotton linen, hydrogel, viscose fiber or carbon fiber. The porous hydrophilic material used in the hydrophilic layer 12 is cheap and environmentally friendly, pollution-free, low thermal conductivity, and mechanical strength. High, good water absorption; hydrophobic heat insulation layer 2 is made of polystyrene foam, foamed polyurethane, hydrophobic aerogel, asbestos, rock wool, vacuum board or polytetrafluoroethylene, further, hydrophobic heat insulation layer 2 is low The thermal insulation material made of polystyrene foam can further reduce the heat loss to the water body.

[0042] The hydrophilic layer 12 is coated on the hydrophobic heat insulation layer 2 to increase the contact area between the hydrophilic layer 12 and the water to be treated, thereby increasing the rate at which the water to be treated in the hydrophilic layer 12 conducts to the contact surface with the heating layer 11.

[0043] Example 2

[0044] See image 3 As shown, an embodiment of the present invention provides an evaporation system, including:

[0045] The evaporation chamber 4 is provided with the evaporation device 9 and the light-transmitting area 31 of the above-mentioned embodiment 1, the light-transmitting area and the evaporation device 9 are arranged directly opposite, and the light-transmitting area is used to transmit sunlight;

[0046] The first water storage tank 5 is connected to the evaporation chamber 4, and the first water storage tank 5 is used to store the water to be treated;

[0047] Condensation heat exchange chamber 6, which is in communication with evaporation chamber 4;

[0048] The second water storage tank 7 communicates with the bottom of the condensation heat exchange chamber 6;

[0049] The negative pressure generating device 8 is used to adjust the pressure in the evaporation chamber 4. Preferably, the negative pressure generating device 8 is a vacuum pump.

[0050] When the water to be treated (seawater, brackish water, sewage, etc.) is desalinated, the evaporation device 9 is placed in the evaporation chamber 4, and the water to be treated is injected into the evaporation chamber 4 through the first water storage tank 5. At this time, The water to be treated is immersed in the hydrophilic layer 12, and the heating layer 11 is energized by the power supply device 3. While the heating layer 11 generates heat by electric energy, sunlight can pass through the light-transmitting area and irradiate the heating layer 11 to make the heating layer 11 can convert solar energy into heat energy. After evaporating the water to be treated by the evaporator 9, the water vapor enters the condensation heat exchange chamber 6 for cooling, and the cooled water vapor is collected in the second water storage tank 7, and is condensed The function of the heat exchange chamber 6 can recover the heat of steam and reduce energy consumption. The condensation heat exchange chamber 6 includes various condensation tubes, condensers, etc., among which, when the evaporation device 9 is used to evaporate water, it can also The negative pressure generating device 8 is used to perform a pressure reduction operation in the evaporation chamber 4 to reduce the saturation temperature of the water to be treated, thereby accelerating the increase of the water to be treated; that is, to provide heat by applying solar energy, electric energy, etc. to the evaporation device 9, and coupling the negative pressure The pressure environment realizes the use of clean energy for high-rate desalination of seawater, brackish water and sewage treatment.

[0051] The first water storage tank 5 communicates with the evaporation chamber 4 through a heat exchange tube 51, and the heat exchange tube 51 is partly located in the condensation heat exchange chamber 6. By using the heat exchange tube 51 as the condensation tube of the condensation heat exchange chamber 6, the steam The heat of the heat is recovered and utilized to increase the temperature of the water to be treated in the evaporation chamber 4, thereby further increasing the evaporation rate of the water to be treated.

[0052] Example 3

[0053] On the basis of embodiment 2, in this embodiment, the heating layer 11 is carbon cloth, the hydrophilic layer 12 is hydrophilic fiber cloth, and the hydrophobic heat insulation layer 2 is polystyrene foam, in which the hydrophilic fiber cloth is covered Hydrophobic and heat-insulating polystyrene foam, connect the two ends of the carbon cloth with platinum electrodes to the power supply device 3, and make the heating part of the carbon cloth closely contact the hydrophilic fiber cloth by bonding, and keep the carbon cloth face up. It is placed in the sea water to be treated.

[0054] When the seawater is desalinated through the evaporation system, the radiation intensity is 1kW/m under normal light AM 1.5G 2 Under light conditions, without electric field and negative pressure (the power supply device 3 does not supply power, and the negative pressure generator 8 has no effect), the desalination rate of seawater can reach 1.5kg m -2 h -1; Under normal light AM 1.5G, the radiation intensity is 1kW/m 2 Under light conditions, a 3V voltage is applied to both ends of the heating layer 11 through the power supply device 3, and without negative pressure, the desalination rate is increased to 47kg m -2 h -1; Under normal light AM 1.5G, the radiation intensity is 1kW/m 2 Under light conditions, apply a voltage of 3V to both ends of the heating layer 11 through the power supply device 3, and increase the negative pressure (the negative pressure range is 101kPa-1×10 -6 Pa), the desalination rate of seawater to be treated is further increased to 51kg m -2 h -1.