22 results about "Freshwater resources" patented technology

This disclosure relates generally to system and method for estimating crop water requirement using multi-sensor data fusion. Increasing global population is imparting pressure on both agriculture for food demand and limited freshwater resources for consumption. Estimating crop water requirement reduces water demand for crop production. The method divides soil and crop into multiple vertical and horizontal profiles to estimate water balance thereby reducing the errors in estimation of crop water requirement. Additionally, the method has capability to interlink the multiple data sets such as satellite based earth observations, weather observations from IoT sensors, Weather forecasts from global circulation models, and crop knowledge base for crop water requirement estimation. The method is based on spatio-temporal modeling for multi-layer crop and soil water balance and helps to generate the additional insights on crop water requirement like moisture at different levels in soil profile, crop canopy growth at different locations.

The invention provides a saline-alkaline water salt redistribution method based on artificial regulation and control of salinity gradient vertical layering, and belongs to the technical field of saline-alkaline water utilization. The method comprises the following steps: extracting surface saline-alkali water or underground saline-alkali water; desalting the extracted saline-alkaline water by using a primary reverse osmosis system to obtain fresh water and concentrated saline-alkaline water; and recharging the concentrated saline-alkaline water to the bottom layer of the saline-alkaline water. According to the method, saline-alkali water resources are sustainably regenerated into fresh water resources by utilizing a saline-alkali water desalination technology and a bottom layer recharge technology of concentrated saline-alkali water, and under the condition that the total salt content of the saline-alkali water is not integrally changed, the salt content of the saline-alkali water is subjected to vertical spatial level redistribution by manually regulating and controlling the salinity gradient vertical layering, so that the salt content of the saline-alkali water is reduced, and the salt content of the saline-alkali water is reduced. The method has the dual functions of saline-alkali water resource development and utilization and salt ecological regulation and control, the purpose of saline-alkali land treatment or saline-alkali water comprehensive utilization can be achieved without depending on external fresh water, and the method has important popularization value in saline-alkali areas.

The present invention relates to a salt-resistant water treatment device and a salt-resistant method in a water treatment process. Conventional seawater, high-salt brine, etc. are treated by a photothermal absorber device to obtain freshwater resources. Solar energy is used as the sole energy source, and the absorbed solar energy is converted into thermal energy. A thin layer of water body is efficiently and locally heated to promote its rapid evaporation. The device can prevent device failure caused by salt crystallization, and is energy-saving and environmentally friendly without increasing environmental energy consumption.

The utility model relates to the technical field of saline-alkali soil remediation, and discloses a saline-alkali soil environment and ecological remediation system which comprises a salt discharging pipe, a salt discharging ditch, a water treatment chamber, a first lifting conveying assembly, a water collecting tank, a first treatment box, activated carbon, a second treatment box, a flat plate ceramic membrane filtering assembly and a second lifting conveying assembly. Through the arrangement of the structure, the effects of collecting and desalting leaching water discharged after salt leaching are realized, and the desalted leaching water forms fresh water, so that the fresh water can be recycled, and the problem of shortage of fresh water resources is favorably relieved.

The invention provides an ocean surface fresh water collection device and method and an ocean surface water collection irrigation bionic vertical farm, and belongs to the technical field of fresh water resource acquisition and agricultural production. The water collecting device comprises a supporting plate and an adsorption layer arranged on the first surface of the supporting plate; the supporting plate is movably connected with the water storage tank; the control device is used for acquiring the temperature t sea and the humidity m sea in the ocean surface environment; when t < sea > is smaller than a first preset temperature threshold value and m < sea > is smaller than a first preset humidity threshold value, the supporting plate is controlled to be in an open state; and when t sea is larger than a second preset temperature threshold value or m sea is larger than a second preset humidity threshold value, the supporting plate is controlled to be in a folded state. Atmospheric water vapor in the daytime and at night is effectively captured through the water collecting device, the fresh water utilization rate is greatly increased, and a solution for continuously obtaining fresh water with low energy consumption, low maintenance cost and high efficiency is provided for island agriculture and ocean farm development.

This invention discloses a high-pressure salt-erosion resistant solid waste seepage-proof grouting material mixed with seawater and its preparation method. This high-pressure salt-erosion resistant solid waste seepage-proof grouting material can adapt to high-salt and high-pressure environments. Furthermore, the raw materials used are almost "zero-cost": the solid raw materials are all taken from solid waste, realizing the resource utilization of solid waste; the strongly alkaline leachate from the alkali slag field is used as an alkali activator, treating waste with waste; finally, seawater is used for mixing according to local conditions, which not only saves a large amount of freshwater resources but also improves seepage-proof performance.

The invention discloses a fresh water lenticular resource monitoring method based on weak reflection fiber bragg grating, and relates to the technical field of marine environment monitoring and geological engineering, and the method comprises the following steps: planning a monitoring section along the earth surface, and drilling a plurality of vertical monitoring holes in sequence from the central area to the offshore side edge; a weak reflection fiber grating sensing optical cable is adopted to construct a sensing array, and sensor monitoring units are arranged at a high density according to a preset interval; according to the vertical salinity profile data fed back by the sensor monitoring unit, the overall contour of the salt-fresh water transition zone is inverted, and the change of a fresh water lenticular body is analyzed. By adopting the freshwater lenticular resource monitoring method based on the weak reflection fiber grating, the problem of long-term survival in an underground high-corrosion environment is solved, the risk that key information of a transition zone is missed due to sparse measuring points is avoided, the water level of a single point is monitored, the advancing and retreating rule of the edge of the lenticular along with tide fluctuation is completely reflected, and the survival rate of the lenticular resource is improved. And a visual and reliable decision basis is provided for protective exploitation of fresh water resources.

A sea water desalination device and method based on coastal wetland vegetation transpiration belong to the technical field of ecology and water resource treatment crossing, and comprise a fresh water collection system, a fresh water storage system, and an auxiliary regulation and display system. According to the method, sea water desalination is achieved through the natural transpiration effect of coastal wetland vegetation (such as mangrove forests), condensed fresh water is collected through a transparent air chamber / ceiling, and operation is guaranteed by combining solar power supply and environment regulation and control. Compared with a traditional seawater desalination technology, the method is wide in application range, easy to manufacture and extremely low in energy consumption, the efficiency and sustainability of obtaining fresh water in the coastal area are improved, meanwhile, ecological protection is considered, a stable water supply solution is provided for coastal and island areas lacking fresh water resources, and technical support is provided for related resource utilization and ecological restoration research.

The present invention discloses a method for operational ensemble numerical prediction of estuarine saltwater intrusion, comprising: constructing a estuarine saltwater intrusion numerical model and setting relevant parameters of the estuarine saltwater intrusion numerical model; calculating and processing the bottom friction parameters of the estuarine area, and calibrating the estuarine saltwater intrusion numerical model based on the calculation results; using optimal interpolation data assimilation technology to perform data assimilation processing on the estuarine saltwater intrusion numerical model; constructing a runoff ensemble sample based on the measured runoff in the estuarine area; and inputting the runoff ensemble sample into the estuarine saltwater intrusion numerical model for calculation and processing to obtain a numerical prediction result. The present invention can predict the intensity and duration of saltwater intrusion with high prediction accuracy, can guide reservoir operation, ensure normal water supply during saltwater intrusion, and guarantee the safety of freshwater resource extraction.

The invention discloses a method for irrigating a wild jujube ecological economic forest in an extremely arid flowing desert area by using underground brackish water, and relates to the technical field of desertification control and ecological restoration. According to the method, through the steps of land pretreatment, herbaceous plant sowing and management, wild jujube sowing, field management and the like, the ecological economic wild jujube forest is successfully constructed in the extreme drought flowing desert area, especially in the area where fresh water resources are deficient but the salinity (M) is larger than or equal to 5g / L and underground brackish water resources are rich in reserves; the near-surface wind speed can be reduced by more than 50%, and sand burying can be resisted; the survival rate of the wild jujube under the irrigation of brackish water with M greater than or equal to 5g / L can be increased to 85% or above; herbaceous income can be obtained in a short period, a deep processing industry chain is extended based on wild jujube for a long period, and forest cultivation by forest is realized; meanwhile, vegetation coverage is increased, desertification is restrained, and desert land is promoted to be transformed into ecologicalization and economization from wasteful transformation; and a sustainable and developable economic mode is realized.

Water hyacinth (Echhornia Crassipes) is an aquatic plant known as one of the most important and dangerous aquatic weeds globally. This plant has significant effects on the ecosystem and aquatic environment, causing disruptions in sea transportation and sometimes leading to the destruction of aquatic life in its habitat. Water hyacinth has led to pollution of geographical areas in many countries, recognized as an environmental problem that disrupts the food cycle, water quality, and marine industries. The destructive effects of this plant are so severe that some sociologists consider it a key factor in poverty and hindering the development of countries and the planet. Each water hyacinth plant produces about 1 liter of water waste daily, posing a serious threat to the world's fresh water resources due the millions of plants worldwide. Until today, various chemical, biological and mechanical solutions have been utilized to control this invasive plant. These strategies have not had a significant impact in some geographical areas, or on the contrary, they have had harmful effects (such as the effects of using strong herbicides) on the environment and aquatic ecosystems. Notably, many solutions have not effectively targeted the abundant and resilient seeds of water hyacinth. By utilizing biological signaling (biological messages) to promote bacterial symbiosis in water hyacinth for nitrogen fixation from the atmosphere, and spraying a solution without herbicides or strong poisons, with the aim of establishing the cycle of nitrogen fixation in the plant by inhibiting growth and or the effect on the bacterial symbiotic species in water hyacinth, the production of seeds in the plant is very little and even stopped, as well as the effects of decline and acceleration of the aging process of water hyacinth and the destruction of the plant appear. As a result, we will witness a decrease in the plant population, decrease in growth and reproduction, a significant decrease in water consumption, and a decrease in the quality of the biological tissues of the plant as a result of limiting the resources created for the water hyacinth plant. According to the investigation and study of the effects of this method on micro-organisms and macro-organisms in the water and its margins, it seems that this innovative solution by targeting the fixation of nitrogen from the air and disruption of symbiosis in water hyacinth has a significant effect and the lowest environmental risk compared to other methods.

The invention discloses a floating type ocean reservoir and offshore photovoltaic combined structure, and relates to the technical field of ocean energy development and water resource utilization, the floating type ocean reservoir and offshore photovoltaic combined structure comprises a plurality of floating boxes in a circumferential array, each floating box is of an arc-shaped box body structure, and the interior of each floating box is divided into an upper cavity and a lower cavity through an arranged transverse plate; the buoyancy tanks are assembled into an annular floating body through connecting pieces, the inner side of the annular floating body is provided with a water storage part for storing fresh water, the upper part of the inner side of the annular floating body is provided with a photovoltaic platform, the inner side of the annular floating body is provided with a buffer bag, and the buffer bag is of an annular structure. Stability is enhanced, and maintenance cost is reduced; a seawater desalination and fresh water storage system is constructed by utilizing the ocean space, so that the problem of shortage of fresh water resources in islands and coastal areas is solved; in addition, efficient comprehensive utilization of ocean energy and water resources is achieved, and economic benefits and environmental benefits of the whole system are improved.

The invention discloses a brackish water and fresh water collaborative configuration optimization method, device, equipment and medium. The method comprises the steps of determining basic water source data corresponding to each calculation time period in a target planning year based on a selected target area; comparing the salinity value of each water supply object in each calculation time period in the target planning year with the salinity tolerance threshold value of each water supply object in each calculation time period, and determining the water supply mode of each water supply object in each calculation time period; according to the basic water source data and the water supply mode, constructing constraint conditions for a pre-constructed multi-objective optimization model; and adopting an improved genetic algorithm, carrying out iterative solution on the multi-objective optimization model based on constraint conditions, and outputting a brackish water and fresh water collaborative configuration scheme of each calculation time period in a target planning year. Precise collaborative configuration of brackish water and fresh water is realized, the value of the brackish water for replacing fresh water is maximized while the water demand of a water supply object is guaranteed, and the pressure of shortage of fresh water resources is relieved.

The present invention provides a method for repairing residual saline water in a coastal underground reservoir based on groundwater extraction. The present invention utilizes the commonly existing groundwater extraction wells to establish an optimized well extraction technology that can not only ensure the safe extraction of underground fresh water but also repair the pollution of residual saline water by optimizing the form, distribution, and capacity of the extraction wells, achieving the dual goals of utilizing and protecting the fresh water resources in the coastal underground reservoir. Aiming at the problem of residual saline water pollution in the underground reservoir, the present invention utilizes the commonly existing groundwater extraction wells to establish an optimized well extraction technology that can not only ensure the safe extraction of underground fresh water but also repair the pollution of residual saline water by optimizing the form, distribution, and capacity of the extraction wells.

The invention provides a preparation method of an efficient water evaporation MXene-CuS pyramid array photo-thermal structure. The preparation method comprises the following steps: preparing MXene; preparing foamy copper CF with a pyramid array structure; the foamy copper CF is converted into a CuS nanowire structure CuS (at) CF; mXene and CuS (at) CF are compounded, and MXene-CuS (at) CF is obtained. According to the preparation method, cutting, in-situ synthesis and impregnation are taken as main methods, and the efficient MXene-CuS-CF solar evaporator for solar-driven water evaporation is prepared. The MXene-CuS-coated CF evaporator disclosed by the invention shows outstanding evaporation performance and output power performance. According to the MXene-CuS-CF bionic interface evaporator, through the multi-scale structure design and the efficient photo-thermal synergistic effect, the evaporation performance and the energy utilization rate are remarkably improved, and an efficient and environment-friendly solution is provided for solving the problem of global fresh water resource shortage. Therefore, the technology is expected to promote the practical application of the technology in fresh water-energy co-production in remote areas and islands in the future, and the sustainable development of seawater desalination and renewable energy utilization is promoted.

The invention discloses a sea sand desalination treatment method with low fresh water demand, which comprises the following steps: 1) detecting and determining the content of various ions attached to the surface of sea sand, including Mg < 2 + >, Cl <-> and SO4 < 2->; 2) respectively preparing an aqueous solution of magnesium nitrate hexahydrate and an aqueous solution of aluminum nitrate nonahydrate; 3) adding the magnesium nitrate hexahydrate solution and the aluminum nitrate nonahydrate solution into the sea sand in proportion to form a mixed solution of the sea sand; 4) adding a sodium hydroxide solution into the mixed solution to keep the pH value of the mixed solution in a range of 9.0-11.0, heating, controlling the temperature, stirring, and carrying out an in-situ polymerization reaction; and 5) filtering the completely reacted mixed solution to obtain the sea sand coated with the LDH, and drying the sea sand to obtain the desalted sea sand. The invention solves the problems that the sea sand treatment at the desalination part needs to consume a large amount of fresh water resources and is difficult to implement in areas (such as coastal areas and islands) lacking fresh water resources in the prior art.

The application discloses a wave-preventing and erosion-resisting revetment structure for coral reef filling foundation and a design method, and relates to the technical field of coral reef revetment engineering.The application integrates four functions of wave-preventing, erosion-resisting, rainwater collecting and photovoltaic power generation, aims to solve the problems of single function of the existing revetment, easy erosion of the foundation, lack of fresh water resources and power supply, etc.The revetment is provided with a ladder type slope and a concave sawtooth wave-stopping structure on the sea side, and a cutoff wall is arranged at the lower part and embedded in the reef flat foundation, so that the wave-preventing and foundation erosion can be effectively inhibited.The photovoltaic power generation assembly is integrated on the top surface of the revetment, and the rainwater storage bin is arranged inside, rainwater is efficiently collected into the bin through the inclined driving lane, and the in-situ collection of fresh water and the reduction of concrete material consumption are realized.The application realizes the integration of disaster prevention and reduction, clean energy supply and rainwater resource utilization, and guarantees the long-term safe and stable operation of the island reef engineering.

The invention belongs to the technical field of shield tunnel synchronous grouting materials, and particularly relates to a two-component shield synchronous grouting material suitable for being prepared in coastal areas and a preparation method of the two-component shield synchronous grouting material. According to the double-component shield synchronous grouting material, seawater is adopted to replace part of fresh water, and the modifying agent, the retarder, the stabilizer, the catalyst and other components are added, so that the grouting material is suitable for coastal region preparation, fresh water resources and transportation cost can be saved, and the grouting material is good in performance, good in durability and suitable for being applied and popularized in coastal region shield construction.

This invention discloses an undisturbed sand sample collection device and method for seabed freshwater resource exploration, relating to the field of sand sample collection. It includes a crane and a box-type sampler. A steel cable frame is installed on the crane, and a lifting steel cable is connected to the steel cable frame. A lifting frame is installed on the box-type sampler. It should be noted that in this invention, when the lifting steel cable lifts the box-type sampler out of the water, two transversely moving storage boxes approach each other to enclose and store the box-type sampler. This effectively avoids collisions between the box-type sampler and the ship hull or crane components, reducing the possibility of sediment spillage. Furthermore, by storing the box-type sampler, even if it is damaged, the sediment will be caught, preventing direct loss of the sample after it emerges from the water, ensuring the sample collection rate even under damaged conditions. In addition, the box-type sampler can be placed on a bearing pressure plate, allowing two rotating locking frames to rotate and lock the box-type sampler, further preventing shaking.

This invention discloses a Is PETase mutants and their application in the degradation of PET plastics. This invention addresses existing... Is The PETase mutant cannot tolerate high substrate (PET plastic) concentrations, thus providing a method to improve the degradation activity of PET plastic. Is PETase mutant. For the aforementioned Is The present invention also optimizes the reaction system of the PETase mutant, thereby providing a method for depolymerizing PET plastics. Using the mutants described in this invention, such as M16-G, the degradation of high-concentration (20%) PET plastics can be completed at a Tg temperature, and it can be used for the degradation and recycling of PET plastics under industrial conditions. Furthermore, the present invention... Is PETase mutants, such as M16-G, can tolerate seawater. Seawater can be used to prepare the reaction buffer required for its degradation of PET plastics, which helps to save freshwater resources and protect the environment.

The present invention relates to an intensive photoheterotrophic culture process in high salinity for crustaceans, specifically white shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei. The system allows for better production control by reducing water exchange and discharges into the environment, thus controlling the introduction of harmful agents (pathogens, toxins, predators) and enabling shrimp farming in extreme (desert) regions, where the salinity of the culture system increases significantly due to temperature, solar radiation, and winds, and where there is a lack of fresh water.

The invention discloses a covalent organic framework material containing polyoxometallate as well as a preparation method and application thereof, and belongs to the technical field of photocatalytic materials, covalent organic frameworks (COFs) show huge potential in the field of photocatalysis due to high crystallinity, designability and porosity; polyoxometallate (POMs) has a unique electronic structure and catalytic performance, the efficiency of photocatalytic hydrogen peroxide production can be improved by combining the POMs with COFs, the invention provides an efficient and green photocatalytic hydrogen peroxide production method which can replace an industrial anthraquinone method with high energy consumption and organic solvent pollution and an electrolytic method with strong acid corrosion and high power consumption, and the method is suitable for industrial production of hydrogen peroxide. The problems of low efficiency and recovery in the prior art are solved. Sea water and river water resources on the earth are rich, excessive dependence on fresh water resources can be avoided by utilizing seawater / river water photocatalysis to produce hydrogen peroxide, and the problem of shortage of the fresh water resources is relieved.