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Preparation of a Bentonite Modified Hydrothermal Carbon Material and Its Application in Non-point Source Pollution Reduction

A technology of hydrothermal charcoal and soil improvement, applied in the direction of soil conditioning materials, applications, organic fertilizers, etc., can solve the problems of increasing ammonia volatilization in paddy soil, reduce ammonia volatilization non-point source pollution, improve N utilization rate and rice yield, Effect of increasing rice yield

Active Publication Date: 2021-07-16
JIANGSU ACAD OF AGRI SCI
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  • Summary
  • Abstract
  • Description
  • Claims
  • Application Information

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Problems solved by technology

[0004] In a previous study, pyrolytic charcoal prepared from poplar sawdust reduced N loss from field water but increased ammonia volatilization from paddy soil.

Method used

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  • Preparation of a Bentonite Modified Hydrothermal Carbon Material and Its Application in Non-point Source Pollution Reduction
  • Preparation of a Bentonite Modified Hydrothermal Carbon Material and Its Application in Non-point Source Pollution Reduction
  • Preparation of a Bentonite Modified Hydrothermal Carbon Material and Its Application in Non-point Source Pollution Reduction

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preparation example Construction

[0028] A preparation method of bentonite modified hydrothermal carbon material, comprising the steps of:

[0029] 1) Preparation of solid hydrothermal charcoal: Mix sawdust with water, react for 1-2h at a pressure of 5-10MPa and a temperature of 210-230°C to obtain solid hydrothermal charcoal, the ratio of sawdust to water is 1:7-13w / v; collecting solid hydrothermal charcoal by centrifugation and drying to obtain dry solid hydrothermal charcoal;

[0030] 2) Preparation of bentonite thermally modified hydrothermal charcoal: grind dry solid hydrothermal charcoal into powdered hydrothermal charcoal; mix powdered hydrothermal charcoal and sodium-based bentonite according to a mass ratio of 3.5-4.5:1, and Heat treatment at 280-350° C. for 1-2 hours to obtain bentonite modified hydrothermal carbon material, cool naturally to room temperature, and pass through grading sieves.

[0031] Preferably, the wood chips are poplar wood chips, and the particle size of the poplar wood chips i...

Embodiment 1

[0038] The preparation of embodiment 1 bentonite modified hydrothermal carbon (CHC)

[0039] Hydrothermal charcoal production is carried out using poplar wood chips (ie, poplar sawdust) as raw material, and poplar wood chips are mixed with a reaction medium solvent (ie, water). Preparation of hydrothermal charcoal: stay at high pressure (8Mpa) at 220°C for one hour (reaction for 1 hour), and the solid-liquid ratio is 1:10 (w / v, g / mL). Solid hydrothermal charcoal produced by HTC (hydrothermal carbonization) was collected by centrifugation and dried at 70 °C until further reduction of undetectable masses. Then, grind the solid hydrothermal charcoal into a powder with a particle size of 1-2 mm, and mix it with bentonite, montmorillonite or kaolin at a ratio of 4:1 (mass ratio). Mix evenly, put into the crucible, and seal the cap, after that, place the crucible in a muffle furnace at 300°C for firing for 1 hour, and let it cool down to room temperature naturally. CHCs (i.e., cla...

Embodiment 2

[0040] Embodiment 2 Soil column experiment setting

[0041] The paddy soil used in the soil column experiment was collected from the 0-20 cm topsoil of the paddy field at the Experimental Field of Nanjing Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jiangsu Province. The soil characteristics are as follows: loam content 57%, sand content 21%, sand content 21%, pH 7.01 (solid-liquid ratio 1:2.5, g / mL), total nitrogen content 0.87g kg -1 , organic matter content 9.0g kg -1 , total phosphorus content 0.76g kg -1 , total potassium content 3.62g kg -1 . Each soil column is filled with 35kg of paddy soil. The paddy soil is naturally air-dried and passed through a 2 mm sieve, mixed evenly with the hydrothermal charcoal composite material, and loaded into a soil column (a soil column of PVC material with a diameter of 30 cm and a height of 50 cm). Specifically, 3 days before rice transplanting, paddy field soil was fully mixed with bentonite-hydrothermal charcoal composite (BTHC), montmoril...

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Abstract

The invention relates to the preparation of a bentonite modified hydrothermal carbon material and its application in non-point source pollution reduction, comprising the following steps: 1) preparation of solid hydrothermal carbon; 2) preparation of bentonite thermally modified hydrothermal carbon material : Grind dry solid hydrothermal charcoal into powdered hydrothermal charcoal; mix powdered hydrothermal charcoal and clay at a mass ratio of 3.5‑4.5:1, and heat treat at 280‑350°C for 1‑2h The obtained bentonite modified hydrothermal carbon material was naturally cooled to room temperature and passed through a grading sieve. The hydrothermal charcoal BTHC prepared by embedding poplar sawdust with bentonite successfully improved nitrogen use efficiency and rice yield, meanwhile, the treatment inhibited ammonia volatilization and reduced field water NH 4 + Loss. The invention demonstrates for the first time that BTHC is an excellent material for increasing rice yield and reducing ammonia volatilization in paddy fields.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to the preparation of a bentonite modified hydrothermal carbon material and its application in the emission reduction of non-point source pollution. Background technique [0002] Non-point source pollution refers to pollution whose pollution sources are widely distributed in the environment and cannot be accurately located. Farmland ammonia (NH3) volatilization is a major non-point source pollution, because NH 3 Volatilization is widely dispersed into the atmosphere and causes air pollution, such as PM 2.5 Particle formation. Farmland NH 3 Volatilization accounts for 10%-60% of the total nitrogen fertilizer input in farmland. Urea, a common nitrogen fertilizer, can be converted to an unstable intermediate compound called carbamate, which is unstable and may release NH under certain soil conditions 3 , such as alkaline soil. Therefore, excessive application of nitrogen fertilizers leads to serious nitrogen loss in paddy field...

Claims

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Application Information

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Patent Type & Authority Patents(China)
IPC IPC(8): C09K17/08C09K17/04B01J20/20B01J20/30A01B79/02C09K101/00
CPCA01B79/02B01J20/12B01J20/20C09K17/04C09K17/08C09K2101/00
Inventor 冯彦房褚清南薛利红杨林章余姗何华勇
Owner JIANGSU ACAD OF AGRI SCI
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