Ultralow-temperature deep drawing forming method for aluminum alloy thin-wall curved surface part

Abstract

The invention discloses an ultra-low temperature deep drawing forming method for an aluminum alloy thin-wall curved surface part. The ultra-low temperature deep drawing forming method comprises the following steps: forming a deep-cavity thin-wall curved surface part in an aluminum alloy plate on the basis of an ultra-low temperature gradient distribution formability regulation and control and a flowing stress principle, putting the aluminum alloy plate on a female die, and closing a blank holder to compress a flange area of the aluminum alloy plate; filling the cavity of a female die socket with an ultralow-temperature medium to cool the female die area of the aluminum alloy plate to the set low temperature, and forming the ultralow-temperature gradient that the temperature of the female die area is lower than that of the flange area; applying set blank holder force to the blank holder, meanwhile, controlling a male die to move downwards to form a deep-cavity thin-wall curved surface part; and controlling the male die to move upwards, opening the blank holder, and taking out the formed deep-cavity thin-wall curved surface part. According to the method, the aluminum alloy plate in the female die area is cooled to the ultralow temperature through the ultralow-temperature medium, so that the aluminum alloy plate deforms at the ultralow temperature, the forming performance is remarkably improved, and the problems that the aluminum alloy deep-cavity thin-wall curved surface part is suspended in the traditional deep-drawing forming process and a fillet area is prone to cracking are avoided.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to the technical field of metal plate processing technology, in particular to an ultra-low temperature deep drawing forming method for aluminum alloy thin-walled curved surface parts. Background technique [0002] Because of its high specific strength and good corrosion resistance, aluminum alloy is widely used as the main structural material in the aerospace field. It accounts for about 80% of the structural mass of launch vehicles, and accounts for more than 60% of the structural mass of some aircraft. . In order to meet the high reliability, long life, and lightweight requirements of the new generation of launch vehicles, aircraft, and new energy vehicles, there is an urgent need for high-strength aluminum alloy overall structures to replace traditional multi-piece tailor-welded structures. High-strength aluminum alloy deep cavity thin-walled curved surface parts, such as: rocket fuel storage tank aluminum-lithium alloy bottom...

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Problems solved by technology

However, the softening of the material under heating conditions can easily lead to concentrated deformation of the suspended area (force transmission area), resulting in uneven deformation or even cracking; more stringent is that the properties of the hot-drawn structure are not easy to control, and heat treatment after forming (solution quenching + aging) is required. ) to improve the strength of components, quenching after forming will lead to serious deformation of deep cavity parts and it is difficult to correct the shape, and there are also a series of problems such as surface scratches and complicated heating process

[0004] This new type of aluminum alloy deep-cavity thin-wall curved surface parts not only has a large depth, but also is coupled with high-strength aluminum alloy materials that are difficult to deform, making this type of deep-cavity thin-wall curved surface parts very easy to crack when deep-drawn at room temperature, and the deformation is uneven during hot drawing. loss of tissue performance

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