Rare earth mining and extracting method

Abstract

The invention discloses a rare earth mining and extracting method. The rare earth mining and extracting method comprises the steps of stope preparation, ore leaching work, mother liquor collection, precipitation work and firing work. According to the rare earth mining and extracting method, ammonium chloride and ammonium sulfate composite salt serves as ore leaching liquid, the effect of complementing each other can be achieved by mixing ammonium chloride with ammonium sulfate together, ammonium chloride has high exchange capacity, but ammonium chloride also has replacement capacity for divalent ca, Sr and Ba, and the percent of pass of products can be affected; the exchange capacity of ammonium sulfate is inferior to that of ammonium chloride, but negative divalent So4 of ammonium sulfate has inhibition and leaching effects on positive divalent ca, Sr and Ba, and impurity removal of leaching liquid and reduction of consumption of a precipitator are facilitated; the ammonium chloride and ammonium sulfate composite salt serves as the ore leaching liquid, the rare earth extraction rate can be increased, and the rare earth purity is improved; and sesbania gum is arranged as a leaching aid, a good promotion effect is achieved on the leaching process of ionic rare earth ore, and meanwhile certain advantages are achieved on the aspects of reducing the concentration and the using amount of the ore leaching agent.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to the technical field of mining, in particular to rare earth mining and extraction methods. Background technique [0002] China is the country with the richest rare earth resources in the world, with heavy rare earths in the south and light rare earths in the north. The type of rare earth deposits in the south is "weathered crust type". Rare earth elements in rare earth minerals mainly exist in cationic state and are adsorbed on minerals such as kaolin and montmorillonite. Therefore, ammonium sulfate leach solution is currently used to leach ore to obtain ionic rare earth ions. [0003] The mining process of ion-type rare earth ore has experienced the pool leaching process, heap leaching process and the current in-situ leaching process that started in the 1980s. The in-situ leaching process is to directly inject the leaching solution into the weathered ore body under natural burial conditions through the grid-arranged liquid in...

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

[0004] In order to solve the problem that the rare earth purity obtained by the existing rare earth mining process is not high enough, the present invention provides a rare earth mining and extraction method