Aerogel composite material as well as preparation method and application thereof
A composite material and aerogel technology, applied in the field of aerogel, can solve the problem of reducing the degree of bonding between fiber mesh cloth and aerogel, difficult to prevent powder drop of aerogel composite materials, difficult to achieve aerogel material reinforcement, etc. problem, to achieve the effect of light weight, high strength and high airtightness
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[0027] On the one hand, the present invention provides a kind of preparation method of airgel composite material, it comprises the following steps:
[0028] After mixing the fibers and silica sol in a mold and pressing them into shape, vacuumize to remove the air bubbles in the silica sol to prepare fiber-reinforced silica gel;
[0029] After the silica gel is supercritically dried, a film-forming polymer is used to coat the surface of the silica gel to prepare an airgel composite material.
[0030] Airgel materials have lower densities, thus resulting in lower solid-state thermal conductivity of airgel composites. At the same time, airgel has a relatively developed network structure and small pore size, which can more effectively restrict the movement of gas molecules, further reduce the gaseous thermal conductivity, and achieve efficient thermal insulation for reactor pressure vessels. The introduction of fibers, mold pressing and vacuuming can all improve the mechanical st...
Embodiment 1
[0048] 1) Preparation of silica gel
[0049] At room temperature, take tetraethyl orthosilicate (TEOS), ethanol and ethylene glycol at a volume ratio of 3:11:1, stir at 300 rpm for 20 min, and then add 0.1 mol / L HNO 3 Adjust the pH of the mixture to 1 with aqueous solution. And the mixed solution was left to stand for 60 minutes to completely hydrolyze the tetraethyl orthosilicate. Then add 0.6mol / L ammonia water to adjust the pH value of the mixed solution to 4, and stir at 300rpm for 60min to form 100g of silica sol;
[0050] 2) Take 200g of ceramic fibers and put them into a mold, compress the ceramic fibers into the shape of the outer surface of the container under a pressure of 8 MPa, then inject the silica sol prepared in step 1) into the mold, and mix it with the ceramic fibers. Then vacuumize the silica sol in a vacuum furnace to a vacuum degree of -75KPa, remove the air bubbles therein, and prepare fiber-reinforced silica gel;
[0051] 3) Place the fiber-reinforced...
Embodiment 2
[0053] The preparation method of this example is basically the same as that of Example 1, except that the fiber used is yttrium-stabilized nano-zirconia fiber. Specific steps are as follows:
[0054] 1) Preparation of silica gel
[0055] At room temperature, take tetraethyl orthosilicate (TEOS), ethanol and ethylene glycol at a volume ratio of 3:11:1, stir at 300 rpm for 20 min, and then add 0.1 mol / L HNO 3 Adjust the pH of the mixture to 1 with aqueous solution. And the mixed solution was left to stand for 60 minutes to completely hydrolyze the tetraethyl orthosilicate. Then add 0.6mol / L ammonia water to adjust the pH value of the mixed solution to 4, and stir at 300rpm for 60min to form 100g of silica sol;
[0056] 2) Get 200g of yttrium-stabilized nano-zirconia fiber and pack it into a mould, make the yttrium-stabilized nano-zirconia fiber compressed into the shape of the outer surface of the container under a pressure of 8 MPa, then inject the silica sol prepared in ste...
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