Extremely-high-temperature anti-ablation heat conduction composite material and preparation method thereof

Abstract

The invention relates to an extremely-high-temperature anti-ablation heat conduction composite material and a preparation method thereof. The method comprises the following steps of: mixing and weaving high-thermal-conductivity carbon fibers and polyacrylonitrile-based carbon fibers to form a high-thermal-conductivity carbon fiber preform, or weaving high-thermal-conductivity carbon fiber rods to form the high-thermal-conductivity carbon fiber preform; preparing a carbon interface layer on the fiber surface of the high-thermal-conductivity carbon fiber preform by adopting a chemical vapor deposition method and a high-temperature graphitization treatment method in sequence to obtain a heat conduction composite preform; sequentially using a polycarbosilane ceramic precursor and a hafnium tantalum ceramic precursor as impregnation liquid so as to make the heat conduction composite material preform subjected to a PIP process to prepare a heat conduction ultrahigh-temperature ceramic-based composite material; and preparing an anti-ablation ceramic coating on the surface of the heat conduction ultrahigh-temperature ceramic-based composite material to prepare the extremely-high-temperature anti-ablation heat conduction composite material. The extremely-high-temperature anti-ablation heat conduction composite material prepared by the method of the invention has the advantages of high heat conductivity, high density, excellent mechanical properties, excellent high-temperature anti-ablation performance and the like.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of composite material preparation, and in particular relates to an extremely high-temperature anti-ablation heat-draining composite material and a preparation method thereof. Background technique [0002] In spacecraft thermal control systems, thermally conductive materials are widely used in instruments and equipment that require enhanced heat conduction to perform functions such as heat dissipation of devices, uniform temperature of equipment, waste heat transfer, and reduction of contact thermal resistance. Different application requirements put forward different requirements for thermal conductivity, thermal expansion coefficient, high and low temperature resistance, working fluid compatibility, density, mechanical properties and processability of thermal management materials. [0003] High thermal conductivity carbon fiber has great application prospects in various fields due to its ultra-high modulus, ...

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Problems solved by technology

Chinese patent application CN201811363591.3 discloses a thermally conductive ceramic matrix composite material and its preparation method, but the thermal conductivity of the thermally conductive ceramic matrix composite material in this patent application is the highest in the thermally conductive direction (the direction in which high thermal conductivity carbon fibers are used) No more than 120W / (m·K), the line ablation rate in 2800K aerobic environment is 0.98×10 -3 ~2.61×10 -3 mm / s, the bending strength can reach 132-235MPa, but there are still problems such as low thermal conductivity, insufficient high temperature ablation resistance, and low bending strength

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