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High-safety electrolyte and preparation method thereof

An electrolyte and safe technology, applied in the field of lithium-ion batteries, can solve problems such as hindering large-scale production, high battery manufacturing costs, and affecting battery electrochemical performance, so as to reduce self-extinguishing time, improve safety performance, and stabilize SEI film structure Effect

Active Publication Date: 2022-01-07
郑州中科新兴产业技术研究院
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  • Summary
  • Abstract
  • Description
  • Claims
  • Application Information

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

However, organic flame retardant additives usually need to add more than 20%wt to achieve the flame retardant effect. Higher additive content will not only affect the electrochemical performance of the battery, but also make the battery manufacturing cost too high, hindering its large-scale production

Method used

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Effect test

Embodiment 1

[0029] A high-safety electrolyte, characterized in that: in terms of mass percentage, the electrolyte includes the following components: 70-90% wt of organic solvent of electrolyte, 5-20% wt of lithium salt, and 0.1-10% of film-forming additive wt, compound additive 0.1-10%wt.

[0030] Among them, the composite additives include flame retardant additives, silane coupling agents, inorganic nano oxides; the organic solvents of the electrolyte are ethylene carbonate, propylene carbonate, dimethyl carbonate, fluoroethylene carbonate, diethyl carbonate, methyl carbonate One or a combination of ethyl esters, the organic solvent content of the electrolyte is 75-85%wt; the lithium salt is one or a combination of lithium hexafluorophosphate, lithium bisfluorosulfonimide, and lithium difluorooxalate borate; film forming The additive is one of vinylene carbonate, vinyl sulfite, tris(trimethylsilane) phosphate, vinyl sulfate or a combination thereof.

[0031] Among them, the inorganic na...

Embodiment 2

[0033] A method for preparing a high-safety electrolyte, comprising the following steps:

[0034] (1) Add flame retardant additives, silane coupling agents, and inorganic nano-oxides into organic solvents, react at 30-100°C for 2-10 hours, centrifuge and dry to obtain composite additives.

[0035] (2) The organic solvent and additives of the electrolyte are dewatered respectively, and the water content thereof is controlled to be lower than 20 ppm.

[0036] (3) the electrolyte organic solvent (one of ethylene carbonate, propylene carbonate, dimethyl carbonate, fluoroethylene carbonate, diethyl carbonate, ethyl methyl carbonate or Its combination) is placed in an anhydrous and oxygen-free glove box, and is prepared into a blank solvent.

[0037] (4) Add 5 to 20% lithium salt (one of lithium hexafluorophosphate, lithium bisfluorosulfonimide, lithium difluorooxalate borate or a combination thereof) to the blank solvent in step (3) by mass percentage, 0.1-10% film-forming additi...

Embodiment 3

[0040] A method for preparing a high-safety electrolyte, comprising the following steps:

[0041](1) Phosphate-tris-(2,2,2,-trifluoroethyl) ester, 3-(2-aminoethylamino)propyltrimethoxysilane and silicon dioxide in a mass ratio of 2:1: 7 Mix evenly in 20ml of absolute ethanol by ultrasonication for 30min, react in an oven at 90°C for 8h, centrifuge at a high speed and dry to obtain a composite additive.

[0042] (2) The organic solvent of the electrolyte: 20g ethylene carbonate, 10g fluoroethylene carbonate, 20g diethyl carbonate, 50g ethyl methyl carbonate and additives were dewatered respectively to control the water content below 20ppm.

[0043] (3) Place the organic solvent of the electrolyte solution removed from water in step (2) in an anhydrous and oxygen-free glove box to prepare a blank solvent.

[0044] (4) Add lithium salt to the blank solvent of step (3): 12.5g lithium hexafluorophosphate, 1.25g lithium difluorooxalate borate, 1.25g lithium bisfluorosulfonyl imide,...

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Abstract

The invention discloses a high-safety electrolyte and a preparation method thereof, and belongs to the technical field of lithium ion batteries. The electrolyte comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 70 to 90 percent by weight of an electrolyte organic solvent, 5 to 20 percent by weight of lithium salt, 0.1 to 10 percent by weight of a film-forming additive and 0.1 to 10 percent by weight of a composite additive. The preparation method of the electrolyte comprises the steps of removing water from an electrolyte organic solvent and an additive; (2) placing the electrolyte organic solvent with the water being removed in a water-free and oxygen-free glove box to prepare a blank solvent; and (3) adding a lithium salt, a film-forming additive and a composite additive into the blank solvent, and stirring in the glove box for 3-5 hours to prepare the high-safety electrolyte. The battery assembled by adopting the electrolyte is good in flame retardant effect, better in mechanical shock resistance and relatively high in safety performance, and the electrolyte is stable in performance, simple in preparation method and suitable for large-scale industrial production and has a very good application prospect.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of lithium ion batteries, and in particular relates to a high-safety electrolyte and a preparation method thereof. Background technique [0002] As a new generation of green secondary batteries, lithium-ion batteries have the advantages of high energy density, good cycle performance, and high charge-discharge efficiency. They are widely used in portable electronic devices, electric vehicles, and energy storage. However, with the rapid development of science and technology, various fields have put forward higher requirements for the safety performance and energy density of lithium-ion batteries. In the high-energy battery system, battery safety is one of the main problems hindering its industrial application. It is more prone to safety hazards such as combustion and explosion. Traditional liquid organic electrolytes based on aprotic systems such as dimethyl carbonate and ethylene carbonate usually have a low...

Claims

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Application Information

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Patent Type & Authority Applications(China)
IPC IPC(8): H01M10/0567H01M10/42H01M10/0525
CPCH01M10/0567H01M10/4235H01M10/0525H01M2300/0025Y02E60/10
Inventor 刘艳侠秦盼盼王恩阳刘景博
Owner 郑州中科新兴产业技术研究院
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