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System and method for treating radioactive waste through plasma high-temperature pyrolysis melting

A radioactive waste and plasma technology, applied in radioactive purification, nuclear engineering, etc., can solve problems such as uncontrollable temperature rise, achieve the effects of improving combustible gas quality, reducing processing load, and improving pyrolysis efficiency

Active Publication Date: 2022-04-29
SOUTHWESTERN INST OF PHYSICS +1
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  • Summary
  • Abstract
  • Description
  • Claims
  • Application Information

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Problems solved by technology

[0003] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a system and method for plasma high-temperature pyrolysis and melting of radioactive waste, to solve the problem that the temperature in the plasma high-temperature melting furnace is too fast and uncontrollable, to effectively control the temperature zones in the plasma high-temperature melting furnace, In this way, the hazardous waste and radioactive waste inorganic matter are fully melted to form a solidified body, and the organic matter is fully pyrolyzed to form a combustible gas

Method used

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  • System and method for treating radioactive waste through plasma high-temperature pyrolysis melting

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Effect test

Embodiment 1

[0067] Such as figure 1 As shown, the process of high-temperature pyrolysis and melting treatment of low-level radioactive waste from nuclear power plants is as follows:

[0068] The low-level radioactive waste from the nuclear power plant enters the plasma high-temperature melting system from the top of the plasma high-temperature melting furnace 1 through the feeding device 26, and passes through the plasma high-temperature melting furnace 1 successively during the process of falling into the plasma high-temperature melting furnace 1. Drying zone, pyrolysis zone, reaction zone, melting zone. The drying area is located at the top of the plasma high-temperature melting furnace 1; before the pyrolysis area and the reaction area, there is an atomized water inlet connected to the atomized pure water tank 12, and after the radioactive waste enters the furnace, it absorbs heat through air heat transfer and raises its temperature to 400 ° C, and Pyrolysis into small molecular subst...

Embodiment 2

[0072] Such as figure 1 As shown, the process of high-temperature pyrolysis and melting treatment of medical waste is as follows:

[0073] The medical waste enters the plasma high-temperature melting system through the feeding device 26 from the top of the plasma high-temperature melting furnace 1 through the feeding device 26, and is fed into the plasma high-temperature melting furnace 1 during the falling process, and then passes through the drying zone, pyrolysis zone, and reaction zone, melting zone. The drying zone is located at the top of the plasma high-temperature melting furnace 1, and an atomized water inlet W1 is set before the pyrolysis zone and the reaction zone. After the waste enters the plasma high-temperature melting furnace 1, it heats up and absorbs heat through air heat transfer and pyrolyzes into small molecular substances; The organic components are pyrolyzed into small molecular flammable gases and leave the plasma high-temperature melting furnace 1 fro...

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Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of radioactive waste treatment, and particularly discloses a system and method for treating radioactive waste through plasma high-temperature pyrolysis melting, and the system comprises a plasma high-temperature melting furnace, a plasma torch communicated with the melting furnace, a feeding device and a combustible gas supplementary combustion device. The air pump and the two-stage dust removal device are communicated with the combustion device, the nitric oxide removal device is communicated with the combustion device and the two-stage dust removal device, the heat exchange cooling device is communicated with the dust removal device, and the induced draft fan and the chimney are communicated with the heat exchange cooling device. The method comprises the steps that after radioactive waste is fed, the plasma torch heats and melts the waste in the melting furnace to generate radioactive waste gas and a glass melting solidified body, tail gas generated by combustion is subjected to nitrogen oxide removal, two-stage dust removal, heat exchange cooling, deacidification, demisting, cooling and purification, and then the tail gas is discharged. The pyrolysis efficiency of radioactive waste can be improved, the tail gas purification treatment load is reduced, the tail gas emission quality is improved, and a stable glass melting solidified body is generated.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of radioactive waste treatment, and in particular relates to a system and method for plasma high-temperature pyrolysis and melting treatment of radioactive waste. Background technique [0002] The efficient volume reduction and volume reduction treatment of radioactive waste and hazardous waste has a significant positive effect on the minimization of waste. Currently the most effective method is to directly burn and destroy the shape. Hazardous waste and radioactive waste both contain combustible organic components and non-combustible inorganic components. The non-combustible inorganic components need to be melted at high temperature to make the non-combustible inorganic ash residues solidify and form. The oxidative combustion reaction of waste is mostly used in traditional plasma incinerators, and the existing technology has certain defects in the treatment of hazardous waste and radioactive waste. Conte...

Claims

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Application Information

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Patent Type & Authority Applications(China)
IPC IPC(8): G21F9/30G21F9/32G21F9/02
CPCG21F9/308G21F9/32G21F9/02
Inventor 袁青青程昌明李平川张帆兰伟唐德礼
Owner SOUTHWESTERN INST OF PHYSICS
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