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Alkaline fuel battery with hydrogen storage alloy as electric catalyst

A technology of hydrogen storage alloy and electrocatalyst, applied in battery electrodes, circuits, electrical components, etc., can solve the problem of high cost

Inactive Publication Date: 2003-11-19
NANKAI UNIV
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  • Summary
  • Abstract
  • Description
  • Claims
  • Application Information

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Problems solved by technology

These two types of membrane fuel cells have their own characteristics, but there are also disadvantages: as far as the current technology is concerned, proton exchange membrane fuel cells are expensive and limited by the resources of noble metal platinum or ruthenium catalysts; solid oxide fuel cells need to operate at high temperatures. conduct

Method used

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  • Alkaline fuel battery with hydrogen storage alloy as electric catalyst
  • Alkaline fuel battery with hydrogen storage alloy as electric catalyst
  • Alkaline fuel battery with hydrogen storage alloy as electric catalyst

Examples

Experimental program
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Effect test

Embodiment 1

[0020] Preparation of AB by smelting 5 type hydrogen storage alloy ingot, its chemical composition is MmNi 3.35 co 0.75 mn 04 Al 0.3 (Mm is lanthanum-rich mixed rare earth). Then it is pulverized by mechanical method, and the alloy powder is prepared by hydrogenation method, and its particle size is 5-30 microns. With this hydrogen storage alloy powder and 10wt% PTFE coagulant, carbon black powder (its size is 0.25-0.40 micron; Specific surface area is 80m 2 / g) was mixed in a ratio of 80:10:10, and a hydrogen catalytic layer was formed on a metal nickel mesh by a rolling method, and its thickness was 0.4mm. Then in a hydrogen atmosphere, sinter at 280°C for 5 hours, and then with the gas diffusion layer at 200kg / cm 2 The hydrogen catalytic electrode is made under cold pressing. At 55°C, in 30wt% KOH solution, the current density is 50Ma / cm 2 , its hydrogen oxidation performance test results are shown in figure 1 .

Embodiment 2

[0022] The preparation, chemical composition and pulverization process of the hydrogen storage alloy are the same as in Example 1. The particle size is then further reduced to 0.1-5 microns by mechanical ball milling. The preparation process of the hydrogen catalytic electrode is the same as in Example 1. At 55°C, in 30wt% KOH solution, the current density is 100mA / cm 2 , its hydrogen oxidation performance test results are shown in figure 2 .

Embodiment 3

[0024] The hydrogen catalytic electrode is the same as in Example 2. The oxygen reduction electrode is made of La 0.6 Ca 0.4 CoO 3 Catalyst etc. The catalyst is prepared by co-precipitation method (citric acid is used as precipitating agent), and then calcined at 650° C. for 3 hours. The preparation process of the oxygen reduction electrode is similar to the hydrogen catalytic electrode, but the oxygen reduction electrode is in the inert gas N 2 Sintered in the atmosphere. The fabricated hydrogen catalytic electrode and oxygen reduction electrode constitute the anode and cathode of the fuel cell respectively. Use 30wt% potassium hydroxide as the electrolyte, asbestos membrane as the separator, the working temperature is 55°C, and the battery density is 100mA / cm 2 . see test results image 3 .

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Abstract

The electrocatalyst of anode of the invented battery is alloy with hydrogen stored and without containing noble metal. The electrocatalyst of cathode of the invented battery is ABO3 type of peroviskite structure without containing noble metal and metal oxide of AB2O4 type of spinel structure. The said hydrogen stored alloy is MmNi3.3sCO0.75Mn0.4Al0.3, Mn is mixed rare earth riching in lanthanum. The metal oxide is La1-xCaxMO3, M=Co, Mn or Fe. The new type battery possesses the features of low cost, stable performances applicable to electric devices and electric vehicle etc.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to an alkaline fuel cell, which is an alkaline fuel cell in which a hydrogen storage alloy is an electrocatalyst, in particular, the electrocatalyst used in the hydrogen oxidation electrode (anode) of the battery is a hydrogen storage alloy not containing precious metals, and the oxygen reduction electrode (cathode) The electrocatalyst used is the perovskite structure ABO without noble metal 3 type and spinel structure AB 2 o 4 type of metal oxide. Background technique [0002] A fuel cell is an energy conversion device that can directly convert fuel gas into electrical energy. Its advantages: no pollution, high conversion efficiency, not limited by Carnot cycle. Can be widely used in electric devices and electronic equipment. In recent years, governments, research institutions and companies of various countries have invested a lot of manpower and material resources in related research and development. [0003] At present, t...

Claims

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Application Information

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Patent Type & Authority Applications(China)
IPC IPC(8): H01M4/86H01M4/90
CPCY02E60/50
Inventor 胡伟康高学平宋德瑛D·诺若斯
Owner NANKAI UNIV
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