Thermostable luciferases and methods of production

Abstract

Luciferase enzymes with greatly increased thermostability, e.g., at least half lives of 2 hours at 50° C., cDNAs encoding the novel luciferases, and hosts transformed to express the luciferases, are disclosed. Methods of producing the luciferases include recursive mutagenesis. The luciferases are used in conventional methods, some employing kits.

Description

CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS [0001] This application is a divisional of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 10 / 378,168, filed on Feb. 23, 2003; which is a continuation of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 09 / 396,154, filed on Sep. 15, 1999 (now U.S. Pat. No. 6,602,677); which is a continuation-in-part application of U.S. application Ser. No. 09 / 156,946, filed Sep. 18, 1998 (abandoned), and of PCT / US98 / 19494, filed Sep. 18, 1998, both of which claim the benefit of U.S. application Ser. No. 60 / 059,379, filed Sep. 19, 1997; the disclosures of which are incorporated by reference herein.STATEMENT OF GOVERNMENT RIGHTS [0002] The invention was made with grants from the Government of the United States of America (grants 1R43 GM506 23-01 and 2R44 GM506 23-02 from the National Institutes of Health and grants ISI-9160613 and III-9301865 from the National Science Foundation). The Government may have certain rights to the invention.FIELD OF THE INVENTION [0003] The invention is directed t...

AI Technical Summary

Benefits of technology

[0007] The invention is drawn to novel and remarkably thermostable luciferases, including luciferase enzymes with half-lives of at least 2 hours at 50° C., or at least 5 hours at 50° C., in an aqueous solution. As described hereinbelow, after 2 hours at 50° C. in an aqueous solution, a thermostable luciferase of the invention lost less than 5% luminescence activity. The mutant luciferases of the present invention display remarkable and heretofore unrealized thermostability at 22° C. in an aqueous solution and at temperatures at least as high as 60° C. in an aqueous solution. For example, the luciferases of the invention are thermostable for at least 10 hours at 50° C.; for at least 2 hours, preferably at least 5 hours, more preferably at least 10 hours, and even more preferably at least 24 hours, at 60° C.; and / or for at least 100 days, preferably at least 200 days, more preferably at least 500 days, and even more preferably at least 800 days, at 22° C., in aqueous solution. For example, after 30 days at 22° C. in an aqueous solution, a thermostable luciferase of the invention lost less than 5% luminescence activity. Preferably, the thermostable luciferases of the invention have enhanced luminescence intensity, enhanced signal stability, enhanced substrate utilization, and / or decreased Km, relative to a reference, e.g., a native wild-type, luciferase. The invention is further directed to the mutant luciferase genes (e.g., cDNA or RNA) which encode the novel luciferase enzymes. The terminology used herein is, e.g., for the mutants isolated in experiment 90, plate number 1, well B5, the E. coli strain is 90-1B5, the mutant gene is luc90-1B5, and the mutated luciferase is Luc90-1B5.

Problems solved by technology

Although the enzymes known as beetle luciferases are widely recognized for their use in highly sensitive luminescent assays, their general utility has been limited due to low thermostability.

Beetle luciferases having amino acid sequences encoded by cDNA sequences cloned from luminous beetles are not stable even at moderate temperatures.

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