Looking for breakthrough ideas for innovation challenges? Try Patsnap Eureka!

Autoignition compositions

a technology of auto-ignition composition and composition, which is applied in the direction of explosive compositions, inorganic oxygen-halogen salt explosive compositions, weapons, etc., can solve the problems of violent combustion reaction rather than controlled combustion reaction, and the composition is not necessarily suitable for auto-ignition, so as to achieve the effect of reducing melting and increasing the available combustion surface area

Inactive Publication Date: 2007-03-01
AUTOMOTIVE SYST LAB
View PDF27 Cites 14 Cited by
  • Summary
  • Abstract
  • Description
  • Claims
  • Application Information

AI Technical Summary

Benefits of technology

[0004] The above-referenced concerns are resolved by the implementation of autoignition compositions within various gas generating systems, whereby the compositions are tailored to mitigate melting and a resultant increase in available combustion surface area, prior to ignition of the autoignition composition. An autoignition composition of the present invention includes a fuel formed from a racemic mixture of a carboxylic acid, or equimolar amounts of two optically active enantiomers of a given carboxylic acid. Accordingly, a first enantiomer may be characterized as a dextro-enantiomer indicating the optical activity of the enantiomer, and, a second enantiomer may be characterized as a levo-enantiomer indicating an optical activity exactly opposite of the first enantiomer. DL-tartaric acid is one example of a carboxylic acid of the present invention, whereby the fuel contains equimolar amounts of D-tartaric acid and L-tartaric acid.

Problems solved by technology

Certain pyrotechnic compositions are not necessarily suitable for autoignition compositions given that they tend to melt prior to their respective autoignition temperature thereby increasing the exposed composition surface area subject to combustion once the reaction begins.
The result may therefore be a violent combustion reaction rather than a controlled combustion reaction.

Method used

the structure of the environmentally friendly knitted fabric provided by the present invention; figure 2 Flow chart of the yarn wrapping machine for environmentally friendly knitted fabrics and storage devices; image 3 Is the parameter map of the yarn covering machine
View more

Image

Smart Image Click on the blue labels to locate them in the text.
Viewing Examples
Smart Image
  • Autoignition compositions
  • Autoignition compositions
  • Autoignition compositions

Examples

Experimental program
Comparison scheme
Effect test

examples

[0010]

LiteratureAmountBaselinePost-AgingExampleNameMP ( C.)with KCAutoignitionAutoignition1L-Tartaric Acid168-17043%154IgnitedDuring Aging2D-Tartaric Acid168-17043%154IgnitedDuring Aging3DL-Tartaric Acid20643%1851884Meso-Tartaric Acid14043%146IgnitedDuring Aging5L-Tartaric Acid,>250 48%>250>250 Mono-K Salt6DL-Malic Acid131-13335%>250>250 7Succinic Acid188-19030%2102108Diglycolic Acid142-14536%1552139Malonic Acid135-13739%>250>250 10Trans-Glutaconic137-13926%188211Acid11D-Glutamic Acid200-20226%23523012Adipic Acid152-15422%23724813Mucic Acid21537%223221142,2-Bis(hydroxymethyl)189-19123%>250>250 propionic acid15Citric Acid152-15436%>250>250 16Phenylmalonic Acid15320%>250>250 17D-Quinic Acid16825%>250>250 

examples 1-17

[0011] Stoichiometric mixtures of each of the acids with potassium chlorate (KC) were made by grinding the raw materials separately in a vibratory grinder, and then blending by hand in a mortar and pestle. The autoignition test consisted of an aluminum fixture placed on a laboratory hot plate. The fixture was machined to accommodate a 0.3-0.5 g sample of autoignition material and a thermocouple probe. The tip of the probe was positioned directly below the autoignition composition, between the sample and the hotplate surface. The thermocouple was connected to a digital readout display and the hot plate was turned on to a heating rate of 30-50° C. per minute. The autoignition temperature was recorded as the temperature at which the sample combusted vigorously. Each sample was tested for thermal stability by placing about 15 g in a sealed glass vial and placing in a chamber at 107° C. for 400 hours. The hot plate autoignition was tested again after aging was complete.

examples 18-19

[0012] Compositions were made containing DL-tartaric acid and KC in different ratios. This illustrates that the autoignition temperature does not substantially change if the composition is fuel-rich or oxidizer-rich.

Auto-DL-TartaricKCOxygen BalanceignitionExampleAcid (wt. %)(wt. %)(wt. % O2)(C.)183070+11.4184195545−11.7183 3 (for comparison)4357-0-185

[0013] For comparison purposes, some of the compositions were tested on a TGA (thermogravimetric analyzer) with a smaller sample size and at a slower heating of 10° per minute. The results are as follows. This illustrates that the relative autoignition temperature does not substantially change with the sample size and heating rate.

Composition FromHot Plate AI (0.3-0.5TGA AI (20-50Exampleg at 30-50 C. / min)mg at 10 C. / min)11541423185171132232001123521312237222

[0014] Is should be noted that the stereochemistry of the carboxylic acids described herein is relevant to this invention. For example, Tartaric Acid has three stereoisomers as f...

the structure of the environmentally friendly knitted fabric provided by the present invention; figure 2 Flow chart of the yarn wrapping machine for environmentally friendly knitted fabrics and storage devices; image 3 Is the parameter map of the yarn covering machine
Login to View More

PUM

PropertyMeasurementUnit
weight percentaaaaaaaaaa
weight percentaaaaaaaaaa
temperatureaaaaaaaaaa
Login to View More

Abstract

An autoignition composition 14 is provided to manage the safe combustion of a primary gas generant composition 12. The autoignition composition 14 contains carboxylic acid and potassium chlorate. A method of managing the safe combustion of the primary gas generant composition 12 is also provided.

Description

CROSS REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATION(S) [0001] The present application claims the benefit of U.S. Provisional Application Ser. No. 60 / 606,322 filed on Aug. 31, 2004.BACKGROUND OF THE PRESENT INVENTION [0002] The present invention relates to vehicle occupant protection systems or gas generant systems in general. Various compositions employed in such systems include gas generant compositions, autoignition compositions, and booster compositions. Autoignition compositions, for example, are employed to auto-ignite at relatively lower temperatures than the main gas generant of the system in the event of a fire in the vehicle. Sequentially, the autoignition composition ignites to provide the impetus necessary to begin combustion of the main gas generant composition thereby preventing potentially harmful explosions. Certain pyrotechnic compositions are not necessarily suitable for autoignition compositions given that they tend to melt prior to their respective autoignition temperature the...

Claims

the structure of the environmentally friendly knitted fabric provided by the present invention; figure 2 Flow chart of the yarn wrapping machine for environmentally friendly knitted fabrics and storage devices; image 3 Is the parameter map of the yarn covering machine
Login to View More

Application Information

Patent Timeline
no application Login to View More
Patent Type & Authority Applications(United States)
IPC IPC(8): C06D5/00C06B29/00
CPCC06B29/08C06C9/00
Inventor BURNS, SEAN P.WILLIAMS, GRAYLON K.
Owner AUTOMOTIVE SYST LAB
Who we serve
  • R&D Engineer
  • R&D Manager
  • IP Professional
Why Patsnap Eureka
  • Industry Leading Data Capabilities
  • Powerful AI technology
  • Patent DNA Extraction
Social media
Patsnap Eureka Blog
Learn More
PatSnap group products

Browse by: Latest US Patents, China's latest patents, Technical Efficacy Thesaurus, Application Domain, Technology Topic, Popular Technical Reports.

© 2024 PatSnap. All rights reserved.Legal|Privacy policy|Modern Slavery Act Transparency Statement|Sitemap|About US| Contact US: help@patsnap.com