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Methods and compositions for improving stability of biodiesel and blended biodiesel fuel

a biodiesel and blend technology, applied in the petroleum industry, fuels, liquid carbonaceous fuels, etc., can solve the problems of destroying the intended use sludge and gum formation, and affecting and achieving the effect of improving the stability of the fuel source and the composition

Inactive Publication Date: 2009-04-16
AFTON CHEMICAL
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  • Summary
  • Abstract
  • Description
  • Claims
  • Application Information

AI Technical Summary

Benefits of technology

The invention improves the stability of biodiesel fuels by adding a combination of two chemicals, I and II. I is a hindered phenol, and II is a Mannich reaction product. The treatment involves adding a certain amount of each chemical to the biodiesel fuel or blended biodiesel fuel. The resulting mixture has improved stability compared to untreated biodiesel fuel. The treatment can be done by adding the chemicals to the fuel in small amounts, such as 50-2,500 parts per million (ppm) of hindered phenol and 1-100 ppm of the Mannich reaction product. The treatment can be done using organic solvents such as naptha or kerosene.

Problems solved by technology

Due to the oxidative degradation of the fatty acid esters that may be accelerated by UV light, heat, trace metal presence, and other factors, the fuel often becomes “rancid” or unstable, leading ultimately to sludge and gum formation, thus destroying its intended usage as a fuel source.
This degradation results in a marked increase in the amount of filterable solids present in the fuel thereby clogging fuel filters and otherwise leading to pluggage problems in fuel lines and injectors associated with the engine.

Method used

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  • Methods and compositions for improving stability of biodiesel and blended biodiesel fuel
  • Methods and compositions for improving stability of biodiesel and blended biodiesel fuel
  • Methods and compositions for improving stability of biodiesel and blended biodiesel fuel

Examples

Experimental program
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Effect test

example 1

[0034]Tests were undertaken in accord with EN 14112, a.k.a. the Rancimat Test. The test is carried out by passing a steady stream of air through the heated (110° C.) sample and measuring the volatile oxidation species produced over a period of time. The point at which the rate of production of these volatile oxidation species reaches a maximum is defined as the induction period or oxidation stability, measured in hours at the given temperature.

[0035]Results are shown in Table I. The higher the hours resulting from the test, the longer the biodiesel “lasted” until it became rancid. Therefore, increasing the Rancimat test result number improves the biodiesel.

TABLE 1ExpectedHrs addedresult if noResultingActivesRancimatto stabilitysynergysynergydeliveredppmResultbybetween AOhrsNumberTreatmentprimaryAOActives MD(hr)treatmentand MDgainedC1None003.03nanaC2BHT50004.171.14na1BHT + MD500124.911.884.440.47C3DTBP50004.121.09na2DTBP + MD500124.781.754.390.39C4MD0123.300.27BHT = butylated hydroxy...

example 2

[0037]For these series of tests, the procedures set forth in ASTM D2274 were utilized. This test method measures the insolubles in fuels under specified oxidizing conditions at 95° C. In particular, the method calculates the total insoluble mass (mg / 100 mL) as the sum of the filterable insolubles and the adherent insolubles.

[0038]As used in the following table, the term “filterable insolubles” is the material produced in the course of stressing the fuel under conditions of this test that is then removable from the fuel by filtering after the test cell has been rinsed with hydrocarbon solvent. The “adherent insolubles” is the material that adheres to the glassware after the fuel has been stressed under the test conditions and flushed from the system with hydrocarbon solvent. “Total insolubles” is the sum of the adherent and filterable solids.

[0039]“Iso-octane insolubles” is run only on B100 and is the solids that precipitate from the filtrate plus iso-octane. These are the insolubles...

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Abstract

Methods and compositions for improving stability of biodiesel fuel. The methods comprise adding to said biodiesel fuel, an effective amount of a combined treatment that includes a (I) hindered phenol and (II) a Mannich reaction product. The compositions comprise I and II dissolved or dispersed in an organic solvent.

Description

FIELD OF THE INVENTION[0001]The present application is directed to methods and compositions for improving the stability of 100% biodiesel fuels and blended biodiesel fuels during both storage and in engine usage.BACKGROUND[0002]Biodiesel fuels are becoming increasing popular as an alternative to petroleum based fuel sources. Increasing usage of biodiesel fuel either by itself or in blends with traditional petroleum based (i.e., blended biodiesel fuels) fuel has been seen in diesel engines that are used, for example, in motor vehicles, ships, boats, and power stations. Biodiesel is typically produced from the transesterification of vegetable oils, animal fats, and used cooking oils. One process for producing biodiesel may be seen in U.S. Pat. No. 5,354,878. Raw materials for production of biodiesel fuel include, but are not limited to, soybean oil, corn oil, coconut oil, peanut oil, palm oil, fish oil, lard, mustard seed oil, camelina oil, jojoba oil, hemp oil, poultry fat, safflower...

Claims

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Application Information

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Patent Type & Authority Applications(United States)
IPC IPC(8): C10L1/223C10L1/22
CPCC10L1/143C10L1/238C10L1/1832C10L1/1616
Inventor CALVERT, NANCY R.KENRECK, JR., GLENN V.SWART, DAVID A.
Owner AFTON CHEMICAL
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