Enzymatic transesterification/esterification processing systems and processes employing lipases immobilzed on hydrophobic resins

a technology of fatty acid alkyl esters and processing systems, which is applied in the direction of enzymology, biomass after-treatment, enzyme production/based bioreactors, etc., can solve the problems of biocatalysts generally losing their catalytic performance, complex process, and prohibited application of lipases for the production of commercial quantities of fatty acid methyl esters

Inactive Publication Date: 2015-12-10
TRANS BIO DIESEL LTD
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  • Summary
  • Abstract
  • Description
  • Claims
  • Application Information

AI Technical Summary

Benefits of technology

[0047]A feature of at least one embodiment of the processing system that is configured for selectively rerouting said yield of the fatty acid alkyl esters to said reaction vessel is that this yield can be recirculated with respect to the reaction vessel at a flow rate therethrough that can be independent of the feed rate of one or more of the fatty acid source, alcohol source and water / buffer source into the reaction vessel. This enables further control of the fluidization / expansion of the immobilized enzyme (e.g. lipase preparation) such as enzyme beads in the reactor vessel.
[0048]A feature of at least one embodiment of the processing system that is configured for selectively rerouting said yield of the fatty acid alkyl esters to said auxiliary reaction module is that this yield can be recirculated with respect to the auxiliary reaction module at a flow rate therethrough that can be independent of the feed rate of the yield from the reaction vessel. This enables further control of the fluidization / expansion of the immobilized enzyme (e.g. lipase preparation) such as enzyme beads in the auxiliary reaction module.

Problems solved by technology

Enzymatic production of biofuels (biodiesel) is generally conducted in multiphasic systems, and is a complex process.
A main issue is to produce immobilized enzyme preparations which would be stable, whilst effective, so as to be used over a large number of reaction cycles, since the immobilized enzymes are expensive, and a cost-affecting parameter in all method of production using them.
This drawback has prohibited the application of lipases for production of commercial quantities of fatty acids methyl esters (“biodiesel”) using oil triglycerides and methanol as substrates.
Such biocatalysts generally lose their catalytic performance after a few cycles when the same batch of biocatalyst is used.
Conditions under which the catalytic reaction is carried out, can adversely affect the stability and efficiency of immobilized enzyme preparations.
Such a system has been found to be useful for achieving dispersion of the immobilized enzyme in the reactor; however due to high shear, resin-immobilized enzymes might be susceptible to attrition, leading to loss of the enzyme activity.
Such a system has been used at laboratory scale, but not at large or industrial scale where high pressure drop can be developed over the PBR which leads to inhibition of the continuous operation of the PBR.
Other types of reactors including fluidized bed reactor (FBR), bubble column reactor (BCR) and expanded bed reactor (EBR) have not been evaluated nor suggested for the production of biodiesel with the aid of immobilized enzymes, and in any case such reactors are conventionally considered unsuitable for this purpose due problems associated therewith, including for example low conversions and loss of catalytic activity in the product stream (Sotoft et al., 2010, ibid.).

Method used

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  • Enzymatic transesterification/esterification processing systems and processes employing lipases immobilzed on hydrophobic resins
  • Enzymatic transesterification/esterification processing systems and processes employing lipases immobilzed on hydrophobic resins
  • Enzymatic transesterification/esterification processing systems and processes employing lipases immobilzed on hydrophobic resins

Examples

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Comparison scheme
Effect test

example 1

[0165]In this example, three processing systems were tested for a period extending to not less than 262 days.

[0166]The first system (herein Example 1(a)) was based on the embodiment of the processing system 100′ illustrated in FIG. 2 with flow through the reactor vessel 120 in a direction generally opposed to gravity (bottom-to-top), and operated at a flow rate of 20 ml / min throughput through the processing system.

[0167]The second system (herein Example 1(b)(i)) served as a control, and was based on a processing system similar to the system 100 of FIG. 1, but with the flow through the reactor vessel in a direction generally aligned with gravity (top-to-bottom), rather than in a direction generally opposed to gravity (bottom-to-top), and operated at a flow rate of 20 ml / min throughput through the respective processing system.

[0168]The third system (herein Example 1(b)(ii)) also served as a control, and was based on a processing system similar to the second system (i.e., with the flow...

example 1 (

Example 1(b(ii))

[0179]The system, reaction conditions and continuous reaction mode of operation used for this example was similar to that of Example 1(b)(i), mutatis mutandis, the only differences being that in Example 1(b)(ii) an emulsified reaction medium (prepared emulsion) containing soybean oil (80% wt), methanol (15%) and 0.1M sodium bicarbonate solution (5%) was continuously fed into the reactor vessel at a flow rate of 10 ml / min rather than 20 ml / min (provided by example 1(b(i)) or example 1(a)).

[0180]Table 1, column 4 shows the conversion of feedstock to fatty acid methyl esters in the above system at a number of days during the 262 day trial.

TABLE 1The conversion of feedstock to fatty acid methyl esters in acontinuous hybrid stirred- and expanded-bed reactor with time VS.control reactor vessel at the same flow rate and at reduced flow rate.Conversion (%)hybrid stirred- andConversion (%)Conversion (%)expanded-bedControl reactor atControl reactor atreactor at flow rateflow r...

example 2

Second Stage Transesterification / Esterification Reaction Using the Effluent of the First Stage

[0181]In this example, three processing systems were tested for a period extending to not less than 121 days.

[0182]The first system (herein Example 2(a)) was based on the system 200′ of FIG. 5 with flow thorough the reactor vessel 120 and in the auxiliary reactor vessel 220 was in a direction generally opposed to gravity (bottom to-top), and operated at a flow rate of 20 ml / min throughput through the system 200′.

[0183]The second system (herein Example 2(b)(i)) served as a control, and was based on a processing system similar to the system 200′ of FIG. 5, but with the flow through the reactor vessel 100, and in the auxiliary reactor vessel 220 being in a direction generally aligned with gravity (top-to-bottom), rather than in a direction generally opposed to gravity (bottom-to-top), and operated at a flow rate of 20 ml / min throughput through the respective system.

[0184]The third system (here...

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Abstract

Disclosed are processing systems and processes for carrying out enzymatic batchwise or continuous process for the production of fatty acid alkyl esters for use in the biofuels, food, cosmetics, pharmaceuticals and detergents industries.

Description

TECHNOLOGICAL FIELD[0001]The presently disclosed subject matter relates to processing systems and processes for the production of fatty acid alkyl esters for use for example in the biofuels, food, cosmetics, pharmaceuticals, and detergents industries.PRIOR ART[0002]References considered to be relevant as background to the presently disclosed subject matter are listed below:[0003]WO 2011 / 107977[0004]Co-pending international patent application PCT / IL2011 / 000699[0005]Ricca, E. et al., Asia-Pac. J. Chem. Eng. 2009; 4: 365-368[0006]Hilterhaus, L. et al., Organic Process Res. Develop. 2008, 12:618-625[0007]Sotoft, L. F. et al., Bioresource Technol. 2010, 101:5266-5274[0008]Hama, S. et al., Biochem. Eng. J. 2011, 55:66-71[0009]Acknowledgement of the above references herein is not to be inferred as meaning that these are in any way relevant to the patentability of the presently disclosed subject matter.BACKGROUND[0010]Enzymatic production of biofuels (biodiesel) is generally conducted in mu...

Claims

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Application Information

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Patent Type & Authority Applications(United States)
IPC IPC(8): C12P7/64C12M1/34C12M1/06C12M1/00C12M1/40C12M1/12
CPCC12P7/649C12M21/18C12M25/02C12M29/18C12M29/00C12M41/12C12M47/10C12M27/02C12M25/20C12P7/6436C12Y301/01003C12N11/082C12M41/22Y02E50/10C12P7/62C12P7/6458C12M23/58C12M41/44
Inventor BASHEER, SOBHIMOHSEN, USAMA
Owner TRANS BIO DIESEL LTD
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