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Method for improving stem volume growth and biomass production in trees

Inactive Publication Date: 2016-11-17
STORA ENSO OYJ
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  • Summary
  • Abstract
  • Description
  • Claims
  • Application Information

AI Technical Summary

Benefits of technology

The present invention aims to provide a solution to improve the growth of trees by increasing stem volume growth and production of biomass. This is achieved by enhancing the expression of cytokinin biosynthetic isopentenyl-transferase enzyme in cambial cells. The technical effect of this solution is an enhanced radial growth in trees.

Problems solved by technology

Although it is known that cytokinin signaling is connected to tree biomass production, the picture is complicated, since there are at least some 100 cambium enriched and cytokinin regulated genes with several functions.
Interestingly, this regulation appears to be highly complex, as there have been several reports about both positive and negative effects of cytokinin on auxin biosynthesis.

Method used

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  • Method for improving stem volume growth and biomass production in trees
  • Method for improving stem volume growth and biomass production in trees
  • Method for improving stem volume growth and biomass production in trees

Examples

Experimental program
Comparison scheme
Effect test

example 1

Engineering of Transgenic Populus Trees with Stimulated Cambial Cytokinin Signaling

[0127]To study the effect of cytokinin signaling on stem growth, transgenic Populus (P. tremula×tremuloides) trees were engineered to display elevated cytokinin signaling during cambial development. To stimulate biosynthesis, AtIPT7 gene from Arabidopsis encoding a cytokinin biosynthetic isopentenyltransferase was used. The AtIPT7 was expressed under the cambial specific PttLMX5 promoter (Love et al. 2009), which shows a high expression in the cambial and developing xylem cells.

[0128]Several separate transgenic lines with the LMX5::IPT7 construct were obtained showing a detectable AtIPT7 expression. No AtIPT7 expression was detected in the untransformed lines. Two lines (AtIPT7 1 and 3) with a high transgene expression level were selected for further analyses.

example 2

Accelerated Radial Growth of the Tree Trunk in the Transgenic Lines

[0129]To evaluate the effect of AtIPT7 activity on tree development, growth dynamics of the transgenic trees was studied under greenhouse conditions (FIG. 5A). The apical growth rate of the pLMX5::AtIPT7 lines was similar to wild-type plants; the transgenic plants had the same height as the controls at the same age (FIG. 5A). In contrast, the diameter of the stem was increased in the transgenic trees as compared to the WT trees. Respectively the stem volume, which was counted as the additive volume of internodes without the leaves, was larger than that of the WT trees (FIG. 5B).

[0130]FIG. 5A shows the phenotypes of WT and pLMX5-IPT7 line 1 and 3 Populus trees in the age of three months. All trees had similar height.

[0131]FIG. 5B shows the trunk volume of the transgenic pLMX5-IPT7 Populus lines 1 and 3 as compared to the WT. The total stem volume of the transgenic lines was increased as compared to the WT. Values are ...

example 3

Enhanced Cytokinin Responsiveness of the Transgenic Lines

[0132]To evaluate the effect of cambial AtIPT7 expression on cytokinin signaling, cytokinin responsiveness of the transgenic trees was tested. In the classic cytokinin responsiveness assay (Skoog & Miller 1957), a low cytokinin-to-auxin ratio induces root regeneration from plant segments and a high cytokinin-to-auxin ratio promotes instead shoot regeneration. In this assay, shoot segments were cut from greenhouse grown transgenic and WT lines, and then grown in in vitro conditions on a medium with a varying concentration of trans-Zeatin (tZ).

[0133]In the assay, a majority of the stem segments from the IPT7 lines produced shoots even in the 0.5 mg / l tZ concentration, whereas only a few WT samples were able to do so (FIG. 5C). This result indicates that the transgenic lines display an elevated basal level of cytokinin signaling, as even a moderate concentration of applied cytokinin can induce shoot production; a typical cytokini...

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Abstract

The present invention relates to a genetic construct comprising a nucleic acid sequence encoding cytokinin biosynthetic isopentenyl-transferase enzyme (IPT) operable linked to a promoter allowing expression of said nucleic acid sequence in cambial cells. The invention relates also a method for producing a transgenic plant capable of increased biomass production and / or increased stem volume growth compared to wild type plant and a method for improving the production of biomass and / or increased stem volume growth in trees, as well as to a tree that over expresses an endogenous or exogenous nucleic acid sequence encoding IPT in cambial cells and a wood product obtainable from the transgenic tree.

Description

FIELD OF THE INVENTION[0001]The present invention relates to a method for producing a transgenic plant capable of increased stem volume growth and / or biomass production and also to a method for improving the stem volume growth and / or the production of biomass in trees. The invention relates also to a genetically modified tree, a wood product derived from said tree, genetic constructs and vectors and a tree expressing said genetic constructs and vectors.BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION[0002]Activity of vascular cambium, the lateral meristem of woody plant species, gives rise to the secondary vascular tissues. Cambial meristem forms a thin cylinder along a tree trunk (or a root or branch), and it produces new vascular tissues both inwards and outwards. These tissues, secondary xylem and phloem, form the bulk of lateral growth in plant organs. The conducting vascular cells in both of them acquire their final functional form gradually, through a multi-step differentiation process. The develo...

Claims

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Application Information

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IPC IPC(8): C12N15/82C12N9/10
CPCC12N15/8261C12Y205/01027C12N9/1085C12N15/8295C12N9/10C12N15/8229Y02A40/146
Inventor IMMANEN, JUHAHELARIUTTA, YRJONIEMINEN, KAISA
Owner STORA ENSO OYJ
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