147 results about "Meristem" patented technology

The present disclosure provides methods of gene transformation of sunflower based on Agrobacterium-mediated gene delivery to meristem cells of fresh imbibed / germinated sunflower seeds. One embodiment of the present disclosure is a method of directly transforming a sunflower from a mature seed with a heterologous polynucleotide, comprising: generating an explant from a germinated sunflower seed by removing cotyledons and primary leaves having intact meristem and tender shoot radicles; contacting the sunflower explant comprising the cotyledon with Agrobacterium comprising a heterologous polynucleotide in an infection medium supplemented with a plant hormone using vacuum and ultrasound treatment; co-culturing the explant from a germinating sunflower plant in a culture medium lacking the plant hormone in the presence of the Agrobacterium genus; culturing the mature seed explant in a regeneration medium comprising a selective agent; and culturing the seed with the regenerated tender shoots and with the secondary roots in a culture medium lacking the selective agent.

The invention belongs to the technical field of biological bacterial fertilizers, and discloses a Chinese herbal medicine carrier-based multifunctional microbial bacterial fertilizer, which comprises a microbial strain group, a Chinese herbal medicine active component group, an organic matter and nutrition carrier, mineral elements and auxiliary components, and a functional synergist. Through the synergistic interaction of Chinese herbal medicine active ingredients and functional microbial flora, breeding of harmful bacteria in soil is inhibited, synthesis of acetylcholin esterase of nematodes is interfered, a continuous cropping disease occurrence chain is blocked from the source, and meanwhile, organic acid and flavonoid substances slowly released by a Chinese herbal medicine carrier are utilized to activate resistance gene expression of a plant system, so that the disease resistance of the nematodes is improved. The tolerance threshold of crops to high temperature, cold damage and diseases is enhanced; in the composite carrier, humic acid and diatomite are crosslinked through hydrogen bonds to form a stable granular structure, the cation exchange capacity and porosity of soil are effectively improved, the strong hydration capacity of polyglutamic acid is combined to lock nutrients and moisture, and development of meristem of a root system and proliferation of capillary roots are promoted.

The invention discloses a corn flowering period regulation gene Zm00001d032922 as well as an encoding protein, a molecular marker and application of the corn flowering period regulation gene Zm00001d032922. According to the application, a key gene Zm00001d032922 which affects differentiation from apical meristem to tassel is cloned by utilizing a reproductive defect natural mutant id1 found in a corn field breeding line selection process, and the gene encodes a C2H2 type zinc finger protein transcription factor; the Zm00001d032922 gene is used for regulating and controlling the flowering period of the corn, and has an important value for improving the growth period of the corn; the identification of the excellent haplotype of the Zm00001d032922 provides technical support and excellent germplasm resources for the utilization of the gene. By utilizing the gene and the molecular marker disclosed by the invention, the creation of high-yield or high-quality breeding materials of corn can be facilitated, the breeding period of new crop varieties can be shortened, the breeding cost can be reduced, and the breeding efficiency can be improved.

The invention discloses a gene ZmER1 coded by a corn receptor kinase. The CDS (Coding Sequence) of the gene is shown as SEQ ID No.1. The invention also discloses a preparation method of the gene ZmER1. The CDS nucleotide sequence of the gene mutant Zmer1-I1 is as shown in SEQ ID No.3, the amino acid sequence of the gene is as shown in SEQ ID No.4, the CDS nucleotide sequence of the mutant Zmer1-D8 is as shown in SEQ ID No.5, and the amino acid sequence of the gene is as shown in SEQ ID No.6. The invention further discloses a preparation method of the gene. The invention also discloses phenotypes in the aspects of reducing the height of stem tip meristem and increasing the size of female ear inflorescence meristem after mutation of the receptor kinase coded gene ZmER1, which indicate that the ZmER1 gene has a good application prospect in the aspects of cultivating a new semi-dwarf variety resistant to close planting and increasing the row number of corn ears.

Compositions and methods for increasing the quantity of plant-based oil produced per hectare in a given time period are provided, wherein the compositions include the use of one or more fatty acids that kill or inhibit the growth of cells in the shoot apical meristem and one or more surfactants.

The present invention is directed at a method to produce a substantial number of seeds (e.g., 10,000) from a single plant. The method involves growing a mother plant under conditions designed to substantially maintain the mother plant in a vegetative state and substantially delay reaching reproductive stage. Then, removing the apical meristem once the mother plant has reached a desired stage of growth. The method further involves removing one or more branches from the mother plant (as branch cuttings). The method additionally involves maintaining each of the branch cuttings in growth media under acclimation conditions until each of the branch cuttings resume growing vegetatively as clone plants, then inducing the clone plants to flower and once the clone plants have been induced to flower, returning them to vegetative growth conditions. The clone plants are then maintained under vegetative growth conditions until they have produced a desired number of seeds.

The present disclosure provides methods for editing a genomic target in a soybean plant through the use of viral-mediated delivery of at least one genome editing reagent. Also provided are methods of editing a grafted scion by expression in the rootstock of a meristem transport segment- tagged endonuclease, and delivery of additional genome editing reagents to the plant or to the scion by virus-mediated delivery. Also provided are viral vector systems for use in the methods herein, and soybean plants, seeds, and cells edited using the provided methods.

The invention provides a preparation method of detoxified sweet potato seedlings, which comprises the following cultivation steps: cleaning sweet potatoes, putting the sweet potatoes in a degerming solution for accelerating germination, disinfecting new stem tips, and putting the stem tips in a culture medium I for culture to obtain sweet potato stem tips; when 4-5 leaves grow on the stem tips of the sweet potatoes, stem tip meristem tissue is inoculated into a culture medium II and cultured into 8-9 stem segments, and sweet potato seedlings are obtained; sweet potato seedlings are transplanted to a seedling raising plate containing a nutrient medium and cultured for 30-35 days in an artificial climate chamber, and the seedlings are transplanted to soil for breeding. According to the preparation method of the detoxified sweet potato seedlings, the growth condition of the sweet potato seedlings is remarkably improved, the plant height, the root system number and the root system length of the sweet potato seedlings are increased, the net photosynthetic rate (Pn) and the stomatal conductance (Gs) of the detoxified sweet potato seedlings are remarkably improved, and healthy growth of sweet potatoes in the seedling stage is facilitated.

The invention provides a physical weeding method and system based on double closed-loop feedback, and belongs to the technical field of intelligent agriculture. The method comprises the steps that before electroporation operation is executed, a target effectiveness index is calculated through first-time bioelectrical impedance measurement, and accurate contact with weed meristem targets is ensured in a closed-loop feedback mode; after the contact is effective, generating optimal electric pulse parameters in a self-adaptive manner according to physiological characteristics of weeds, and executing operation; after operation, the irreversible cracking index of the cells is calculated through subsequent bioelectrical impedance measurement, the operation effect is quantitatively evaluated, and supplementary strike is triggered. The problems that existing physical weeding is low in precision, high in energy consumption and unreliable in effect are solved through double closed loops of verification before contact and confirmation after effect in combination with an adaptive energy strategy, and the precision, reliability and energy utilization efficiency of operation are remarkably improved.

The present invention relates to a method for plant genome modification of at least one plant cell being in the developmental stage of a plant immature inflorescence meristem (IIM) cell, wherein the modification of the specific cell type is achieved by providing a genome modification or editing system, optionally together with at least one regeneration booster, preferably wherein the effector molecules are introduced by particle bombardment. To this end, new artificial and precisely controllable booster genes and proteins are provided. Further, the modified plant cells are regenerated in a direct or an indirect way. Finally, methods, tools, constructs and strategies are provided to effectively modify at least one genomic target site in a plant cell, to obtain the modified plant cell and to regenerate a plant tissue, organ, plant or seed from the modified plant cell.

The invention relates to the technical field of plant genetic engineering, and discloses a strawberry stolon regulation gene ZFP6 and application thereof, and the nucleotide sequence of the gene is as shown in SEQ ID NO.1. Researches prove that the ZFP6 gene is specifically expressed in axillary meristem of strawberry in the adult-plant stage, and the GA20ox4 gene can be directly or indirectly activated to start a biosynthesis pathway of GA and drive axillary buds to develop towards stolons. Through genetic interaction analysis of the ZFP6 gene, the GA20ox4 gene and the RGA1 gene, the function of the ZFP6 gene as an axillary bud fate decision upstream regulation factor is further verified, the blank of an endogenous regulation mechanism of the strawberry stolons is filled, and the ZFP6 gene is proved to be a molecular target for specifically regulating formation of the strawberry stolons. The gene sequence, the primer, the gene knockout expression vector and the matched technical system provided by the invention lay a foundation for strawberry molecular breeding and industrial application.

Compositions and methods for improving one or more agronomic traits of a plant are provided, which include the use of one or more fatty acids that kill or inhibit the growth of cells in the shoot apical meristem and optionally one or more surfactants. Use of the composition between vegetative growth stage 1 (V1) and vegetative growth stage 6 (V6) is described.

The present invention relates to compositions and methods for modifying the FASCIATED EAR2 (FEA2) gene (optionally to alter meristem size) in a plant. The invention also relates to plants having increased grain row number produced using the methods and compositions of the invention.

Compositions and methods for improving one or more agronomic traits of a plant are provided, which include the use of one or more active ingredients that are herbicides that kill, damage, or inhibit the growth of cells in the shoot apical meristem and optionally one or more surfactants, fungicides, bactericides, and / or pesticides. Use of the composition at specific vegetative growth stages of the plant, for example, between vegetative growth stage 1 (VI) and vegetative growth stage 6 (V6) is described.

The invention discloses an application of a related gene Zm00001eb129860 in the flowering period of corn in regulation and control of flowering transformation. According to the invention, a high-expression gene Zm00001eb129860 related to the flowering period of corn is screened from transcriptome data of inflorescence meristem in a key period of flowering transformation of corn, the gene affects the change process of the flowering transformation of corn, and a gene knockout mutant plant has a late flowering phenotype; when the gene is over-expressed in a corn plant, a transgenic plant with early flowering transformation can be obtained, so that the flowering period of the corn is shortened, genetic improvement and breeding of the plant are facilitated, and the gene has important significance for promoting early flowering of the corn. It is indicated that Zm00001eb129860 plays an important role in advancing corn flowering transformation, can be used for regulating and controlling the flowering period of plants through a transgenic technology, facilitates cultivation of early flowering plants and facilitates genetic improvement of the plants.

The invention belongs to the technical field of plant breeding, and discloses a breeding method for improving the mutagenesis efficiency of stem tips of woody plants. The CRISPR-Cas9 ribonucleoprotein complex and plant hormones 6-benzyladenine, gibberellin and jasmonic acid are co-encapsulated and then accurately delivered to stem tip meristem of woody ornamental plants such as acer truncatum, pteroceltis tatarinowii, crape myrtle and tassel, and the gene mutation obtaining rate of the stem tip meristem is effectively increased; the intelligent environment control system is used for dynamically optimizing illumination, temperature, humidity and oxidative stress, activating a plant endogenous DNA repair pathway and further enhancing homologous recombination efficiency, meanwhile, through collaborative optimization of induction hormone signals and environmental stress, the stress resistance is improved, the leaf color, the plant type and the growth vigor can be accurately regulated and controlled, and the yield of the plant is increased. According to the method, efficient, accurate and stress-resistant linked woody plant stem tip mutation breeding is realized.

Compositions containing chimeric RNA molecules which comprise meristem targeting sequences that are fused to RNA cargo sequences that include gene editing molecules are provided. Methods of using the compositions to efficiently edit plant genomes without intervening tissue culture steps are also provided. The solutions described here relate to engineered RNA molecules useful in producing plants with altered genomes. As such, it relates to substantially purified compositions, vectors, systems, as well as genomes of plants.

A method for increasing yield or vigor of a plant is provided, which includes the selective removal of the plant's shoot apical meristem at a period between vegetative growth stage 1 and vegetative growth stage 2, or between vegetative growth stage 2 and vegetative growth stage 3.

A system, method, and apparatus for delivering genetic material to a shoot apical meristem. The delivery system may have a biolistic particle delivery assembly having a gas acceleration tube and a bombardment chamber. The bombardment chamber has a microcarrier launch assembly comprising an opening adapted to receive gas for acceleration of the microcarrier system and to direct gas to a target. The delivery system may have a source of pressurized carrier gas operatively connected to a first end of the gas acceleration tube; and an extender. The extender has a channel configured to fit through the opening of the microcarrier launch assembly. The length of the extender facilitates the penetration of the microcarrier system to an L2 layer of the shoot apical meristem, conferring germline transformation and / or modification.

This invention discloses a method for virus-free tissue culture using terminal buds of *Prunus armeniaca* rootstock, belonging to the field of plant tissue culture technology. The method includes: selecting terminal buds of *Prunus armeniaca* rootstock for pretreatment, sterilizing them with ethanol and mercuric chloride, and then immersing them in a virus-free pretreatment solution containing ribavirin and triazole nucleoside for virus removal; inoculating the virus-free terminal buds into WPM-based differentiation induction medium to obtain clustered buds; culturing the clustered buds in 1 / 2 MS-based proliferation subculture medium to obtain proliferating buds; inoculating the proliferating buds into 1 / 3 MS-based rooting medium to induce rooting; and finally, after hardening off and transplanting into a vermiculite-garden soil-humus substrate for acclimatization. This invention optimizes the virus removal and tissue culture system based on the characteristics of *Prunus armeniaca* rootstock, achieving a virus removal rate ≥95%, a terminal bud differentiation survival rate ≥85%, a rooting rate ≥90%, and a transplant survival rate ≥88%. This enables rapid and large-scale propagation of virus-free *Prunus armeniaca* rootstock seedlings, solving the problem of low propagation efficiency in traditional methods and providing high-quality rootstock support for the *Prunus armeniaca* industry.

Described herein are methods for producing a modified Rubus species plant or plant part. The method can include introducing a polynucleotide of interest (e.g., a portion of an editing system) and a gene that confers resistance to a selection agent into one or more meristem cells of a wounded tissue including meristem cells to provide a transformed tissue, culturing the transformed plant tissue in the presence of the selection agent in an amount at least 1.5 times that needed to kill 90% of Rubus spp. cells to provide a cultured transformed tissue, and regenerating a Rubus spp. plant or plant part from the cultured transformed tissue.

Methods for improving one or more agronomic traits of a plant by selecting a plant variety that exhibits overcompensation is provided as is a method for producing one or more plant products from a modified plant that exhibits improvements in one or more agronomic traits. The methods may include reducing or inhibiting the biosynthetic production of one or more plant chemical defense compounds prior to removing the plant apical meristem at a time that is known to cause overcompensation in selected plants.

The present invention discloses an anti-wrinkle skin care solution and its freeze-dried product and preparation method, comprising the following steps: S1, pretreatment of ginseng roots; S2, preparation of ginseng tissue; S3, induction culture: in an induction culture medium, the ginseng tissue obtained in step S2 is induced and cultured to prepare an initial ginseng cambium meristem cell line; S4, suspension culture: the initial ginseng cambium meristem cell line prepared in step S3 is suspended and cultured on a suspension culture medium, filtered through a 40 μm cell sieve, and the filtrate is collected to obtain the anti-wrinkle skin care solution. The anti-wrinkle skin care solution is freeze-dried to obtain an anti-wrinkle skin care freeze-dried product; the present invention uses cell culture fluid cultured with ginseng cells for freeze-drying, which can be applied to skin anti-wrinkle and anti-aging, and has a promoting effect on human cell activity and collagen expression. The method has mild and simple process conditions, no special requirements for equipment, and improves resource utilization, which is conducive to large-scale industrial production.

A system (100) for the cultivation of Passiflora edulis (variety Panama Gold) with optimized fruit yield and plant architecture, consisting of: a seedling establishment unit (102) configured to monitor seed germination under controlled conditions and to evaluate seedling vigor using standardized measurements; an architecture identification unit (104) configured to assess the primary scaffold structure and identify dominant lateral shoots emerging from axillary meristems; an apical dominance management unit (106) configured to perform strategic apical pruning of the primary scaffold at predetermined heights; a lateral shoot selection unit (108) configured to establish an optimal secondary structure by selectively pruning and training tertiary shoots; a shoot hierarchy refinement unit (110) configured to optimize quaternary shoot development; and a productive growth control unit (112) configured to redirect the energy allocation of the plant from vegetative growth to reproductive development.

The invention discloses a soybean GmHRF-1 gene and application of protein coded by the soybean GmHRF-1 gene in improvement of soybean regeneration frequency and genetic transformation efficiency, and relates to the technical field of plant genetic engineering. The invention identifies and verifies that the GmHRF-1 gene in the soybean B3 transcription factor family has a brand new function of remarkably improving the regeneration capacity of somatic cells for the first time. By introducing the gene into soybean recipient cells and overexpressing the GmHRF-1, the regeneration frequency and genetic transformation efficiency of soybeans can be remarkably improved. The invention provides an efficient and universal endogenous gene for breaking through the technical bottleneck of genetic transformation of backbone germplasm which is difficult to regenerate of soybeans. The research result not only provides a new gene target for analyzing a molecular mechanism of soybean stem tip meristem regulation and regeneration, but also provides a technical support for constructing an efficient and stable soybean genetic transformation system.

The invention discloses an application of GbCG1 in improvement of soybean genetic transformation. Relates to the technical field of biology. The invention further provides specific application. A novel transcription factor GbCG1 is cloned from sea island cotton, the gene CDS is cloned into an overexpression vector in a full-length manner, then agrobacterium tumefaciens is introduced, soybean is transformed by an agrobacterium tumefaciens-mediated method, compared with a WMV067 empty vector transformation contrast, more green buds can be screened out through overexpression of GbCG1, the efficiency of obtaining positive seedlings from soybean stem tip meristem tissue is improved, and the soybean stem tip meristem tissue has the advantages of high yield, high yield and the like. The conversion time is shortened. Therefore, overexpression of the gene and application of the gene in commercial soybean varieties with difficulty in genetic transformation contribute to improvement of genetic transformation efficiency, so that yield, quality and stress resistance of excellent soybean germplasm are improved, and the gene has important economic value and social benefit.

The invention relates to the technical field of plant curvature, in particular to a method for measuring plant stem tip meristem curvature based on Matlab, which comprises the following steps: taking a photo of a stem tip meristem under a confocal microscope; identifying data points of all edges on the stem tip meristem on the basis of an edge identification algorithm according to the photo of the stem tip meristem, and obtaining a plurality of optimal points on the edges according to the positions of the data points in the photo; and fitting all the optimal points into a parabola, and calculating the plant stem tip meristem curvature. According to the method, input of a large amount of manpower is avoided, the method is objective, the edge of the stem tip meristem is detected through the Matlab edge recognition algorithm, and then fitting is conducted through the quadratic function.

The present disclosure relates to a promoter that is expressed in a tissue-specific manner and uses thereof. Specifically, the promoter of the present disclosure is expressed specifically in the fruit and axillary meristem of a plant. When a fruit-producing plant is transformed with the promoter of the present disclosure, it is possible to breed a variety capable of accumulating useful products in the fruit or producing parthenocarpic fruits, without affecting other vegetative organs.

The application provides application of a mutant maize ZmERECTA gene in regulation of intercalary meristem development and dwarf breeding. The full length of the maize ZmERECTA gene CDS is 2985 bp, and strong mutants er-1, er-2 and er-3 of ZmERECTA are obtained by EMS mutagenesis, and the plant height and ear height of the three are all reduced, which indicates that the gene is a gene that can be used for maize dwarf breeding. Taking er-3 as an example, the intercalary meristem development of the mutant is disordered, which indicates that the gene regulates the intercalary meristem development. Meanwhile, the 1306th base of the ZmERECTA CDS is mutated from (guanine) G to (adenine) A by EMS mutagenesis, and a weak mutant er-750 of EMS mutagenesis is obtained. The plant height of er-750 is obviously reduced relative to B73, and the ten-grain length and ten-grain width of er-750 are obviously increased and widened relative to er-1. It is indicated that the 1306th base of the ZmERECTA CDS is mutated from (guanine) G to (adenine) A, which can reduce the plant height, but the seed size is improved relative to the strong mutant, and it is a mutant site that can be applied to maize dwarf breeding.

The invention relates to application of a GbPIF3 gene functional structure domain in plant type regulation, which is characterized in that a plant type related gene Gb-PIF3 is obtained by cloning from an apical meristem in a hybrid F1 of sea island cotton-upland cotton, and the functional structure domain GbPIL of the gene is subjected to heterologous expression in arabidopsis thaliana through a transgenic technology. The photoresponse test and seedling property observation on the obtained transgenic material prove that the gene functional structure domain has the function in plant type regulation and control, can be used for transforming the plant type structure of upland cotton and regulating and controlling the flowering time, and has important significance on the improvement of the yield and quality of cotton, especially the genetic modification of close-planting cotton.