The invention discloses a robot chassis with switchable walking wheels. The robot chassis comprises a chassis body, and the walking wheels are arranged on the chassis body in an inserted mode. Each walking wheel comprises a hub part; six spokes are evenly formed on each hub part; anti-slide grooves are evenly formed in the outer walls of wheel rims; splicing blocks are inserted in the anti-slide grooves; and a connecting rod is formed on each splicing block. The splicing blocks on each wheel rim are divided into six sets corresponding to the spokes, each set of splicing blocks form a fan-shaped structure, the splicing blocks between every two adjacent sets of splicing blocks are overlapped with the connecting rods, three of the overlapped connecting rods extend into the spokes and are fixed to piston rods of shifting air cylinders, and the connecting rod of the splicing block in the middle of each set of splicing blocks is arranged in the wheel rim; a fulcrum shaft is fixed to the hub part in an inserted mode, one end of the fulcrum shaft is hinged to a support, a driving motor is fixed on the support, and a rotary shaft of the driving motor is fixedly connected with the fulcrum shaft. The robot chassis can achieve switching of the contact faces between the walking wheels and the ground so as to adapt to special situations of the road surface.