The invention relates to a vehicle operation environment data collection method and device, computer equipment and a storage medium. The method comprises the following steps: obtaining road conditionparameters, vehicle operation parameters and driving control parameters of an operation vehicle, according to the road condition parameters, the vehicle operation parameters, the driving control parameters, preset parameter standard values and pre-distributed parameter weight data, calculating the driving parameters of the vehicle; obtaining the operation accident probability of an operation vehicle, obtaining the operation accident probability threshold of an operation road section where the operation vehicle is located, sending an operation environment data obtaining request carrying positioning data when the operation accident probability is larger than the operation accident probability threshold, and receiving the operation environment data, fed back based on the positioning data, ofthe operation vehicle. By the adoption of the method, the running vehicle can obtain the vehicle running environment data according to the actual situation, useless data interaction and unnecessary data obtaining are avoided, and the bandwidth utilization rate is increased.