The invention relates to a construction method of prefabricated concrete guide walls. The construction method comprises the following process steps that 1), each prefabricated guide wall is machined and manufactured in a factory based on a design drawing, and pouring production is carried out on the guide walls according to a pair of mirror; 2), each guide wall is cut into two same parts along thecenter line after curing is completed and the guide walls are cut off according to the designed required length; 3), the guide walls are transported to a project site in batches; 4), positioning andpaying off are carried out, the guide walls are hoisted to the predetermined position sides, mortar is arranged in the predetermined positions, and the mortar is matched bottom tongue-and-grooves of the guide walls in shape; and 5), the guide walls are mounted by the adoption of a bed mortar mode, and the guide walls and the mortar are uniformly extruded to guarantee the mortar compactness of thetongue-and-groove portions. By the adoption of the construction method, the construction difficulty is reduced, the labor investment is less, the loss is less, the construction period is shortened, the cost is saved, the integrity and the waterproof performance of the prefabricated concrete guide walls are enhanced, the industrialization level is increased, the on-site wet operation is reduced, and the environmental-friendly construction is guaranteed.