Technical hole wall intensifying method based on laser impaction wave and apparatus

Abstract

The invention is a hole wall strengthening method and device based on laser shock wave technique, relating to the laser machining field. And the invention firstly determines the corresponding reflecting cone diameter according to the principle of cooperation of hole size and hole shaft of a to-be-machined workpiece, coating energy absorbing layer material on the concial surface of the reflecting cone and then inserting the reflecting cone in the workpiece, installing the workpiece on a clamp, injecting constraint layer in the to-be-machined hole; a laser generates a laser pulse which irradiates the energy absorbing layer through light guiding system and constraint layer, and the energy absorbing layer absorbs the laser energy to vaporize, ionize, form plasma explosion, generate high amplitude shock wave, and strengthen the hole wall. And the invention can strengthen the walls of holes with larger diameters and strengthen the walls of micropores. And the strength and hardness of the strengthened hole wall are remarkably improved, and the surface layer has helpful remaining compression stress and it can obtain higher size accuracy and lower surface roughness and directly act as the final procedure of hole machining.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to the field of laser processing, in particular to the impact strengthening of the hole wall of a metal part by laser shock waves, and is especially suitable for strengthening the hole wall of small and medium-sized holes and deep holes. Background technique [0002] In mechanical parts and mechanical equipment, holes occupy an important position. Due to different working environments, they bear different loads. Among them, there is a type of hole that bears alternating loads during work, which greatly affects its life, such as high-pressure nozzles. During operation, due to the action of high pressure, fast flow rate and large pulsation fluid on the pipe wall, the inner wall material of the hole is easily peeled off under impact; the hole of the turbine disk of the aero-engine is alternately heated and cooled, and the material is repeatedly expanded and Shrinkage will lead to so-called thermal cracks; also hydraulic cylinders, bo...

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

The existing laser shock strengthening of the fastening hole of the aircraft skin actually strengthens the material around the fastening hole port. The strengthening layer only exists at the port part of the hole, and the material in the middle of the hole wall cannot be strengthened. It is difficult to strengthen the entire hole wall of a deep hole with this strengthening method

[0005] The technology closest to the present invention is that the instantaneous high temperature and high pressure shock wave generated by explosive explosion strengthens the hole wall, but for small apertures, it is difficult to charge explosives, difficult to control process parameters, poor safety and other deficiencies, which make this technology hard to get adopted

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