Demulsifying agent and preparation method and use thereof

Abstract

The invention relates to a demulsifier, a preparation method thereof and the application thereof. The basic component of the demulsifier is a polymer, the molecular chain of the polymer is composed of segmers formed from copolymerization of styrene and unsaturated acid and polyether segmers; the two types of segmers are connected by ester bonds. Final products are obtained firstly through reaction of the unsaturated acid with polyether, in which unsaturated groups are induced and then through copolymerization of the polyether, the unsaturated acid and the styrene. The demulsifier of the invention is particularly applicable to the demulsification and dehydration of high-asphaltene viscous oil and is characterized by small dosage, quick dehydration and good demulsification effect.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to a demulsifier and its preparation method and application. More specifically, the present invention relates to a demulsifier suitable for heavy oil with high asphaltenes, its preparation method and application. Background technique [0002] Heavy oil is a kind of unconventional oil resource. With the decrease of conventional thin oil reserves, heavy oil resources will become one of the important strategic alternative energy sources in my country. Heavy oil has the characteristics of high density, high viscosity, high content of asphaltene and colloid, for example, the content of asphaltene in Tahe crude oil is as high as 11%. Asphaltenes and colloids are natural water-in-oil emulsifiers, which can adsorb on the surface of water droplets to form a skin-like film and hinder the coalescence of water droplets. Therefore, the demulsification of heavy oil with high asphaltene has always been a difficult problem for people. [0003] ...

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

The first generation of demulsifiers appeared in the 1920s and 1930s, mainly low molecular weight anionic surfactants, including carboxylate, sulfate and sulfonate types. The advantages of this type of demulsifier It is cheap, but its disadvantages are large dosage (1000mg / L), low efficiency, and easy to be affected by electrolytes; in the 1940s and 1950s, the second generation of demulsifiers was developed, mainly low-molecular non-ionic surfactants, such as OP type , Tween-type surfactants. Although this type of demulsifier can resist acid, alkali and salt, the amount of demulsifier is still relatively large (300-500mg / L), and the demulsification effect is not ideal; it has developed since the 1960s. The third-generation demulsifiers are mainly polymer non-ionic surfactants, such as block copolymers of polyoxyethylene and polyoxypropylene. The advantage is that the dosage is small (5-100mg / L), and the disadvantage is that it is specific.

So far, there has been no report of introducing unsaturated acid into polyether, copolymerizing it with unsaturated acid and styrene, and using the resulting polymer as a demulsifier

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