Hamartite smelting separation process

Abstract

The invention discloses a hamartite smelting separation process. First optimal slag or / and second optimal slag mainly containing cerium (IV), thorium (IV) and fluorine, obtained by oxidative roasted salt acid leaching of hamartite, is / are used as raw materials, and extraction and separation of rare earth are performed. The process comprises the following steps of: 1) leaching the first optimal slag by using sulfuric acid to obtain sulfuric acid-rare earth solution and filter residue; or leaching the second optimal slag obtained by alkali conversion-hydrochloric acid dissolution of the first optimal slag by using sulfuric acid to obtain sulfuric acid-rare earth solution and filter residue; or leaching the mixed slag of the first optimal slag and the second optimal slag by using sulfuric acid to obtain sulfuric acid-rare earth solution and filter residue; 2) performing extraction separation on the sulfuric acid-rare earth solution obtained in the step 1) to obtain a rare earth compound,fluorine washing liquor, a pure cerium product and a thorium product; and 3) synthesizing a fluoride product by using the fluorine-containing alkali wastewater obtained by alkali conversion in the step 1) and the fluorine washing liquor obtained by the extraction separation in the step 2). The process has the advantages that: the recovery rate of the rare earth is obviously improved, the fluorineand the thorium (IV) are effectively reclaimed in a product form, the high-purity cerium product is obtained, reclamation of the rare earth and associated resources is realized, and the additional values of the resources are improved; and the process flow is simple, the consumption of acid and alkali is low, the production cost is low, and the process is environmentally-friendly.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to a process method for smelting and separating bastnaesite. Specifically, the primary slag or / and the secondary slag obtained after bastnaesite oxidation roasting-hydrochloric acid dissolution are used as raw materials to carry out rare earth, thorium (IV ) extraction and separation, the rare earths, thorium (IV) and fluorine in the bastnaesite are all recovered in the form of products. The invention belongs to the field of rare earth hydrometallurgy. Background technique [0002] Bastnaesite is the second largest rare earth resource in my country. At present, the raw ore is generally subjected to gravity separation, flotation or magnetic separation in industry to obtain a rare earth concentrate with a rare earth content of 50% to 70%. The concentrate is oxidized and roasted, and the fluorocarbonic acid Rare earth is decomposed into oxidized rare earth or fluorine oxidized rare earth, cerium is oxidized into tetravalent, trivalen...

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

[0007] The present invention aims at various problems existing at present, and improves and innovates the existing oxidative roasting-hydrochloric acid excellent dissolving process

Images