Wheat double haploid production method by wheat-and-maize distant hybridization

Abstract

The invention belongs to the field of haploid breeding technology and discloses a wheat double haploid production method by wheat-and-maize distant hybridization. The main technological characteristics of the method comprise steps of planting, induction of haploid embryo, dissection of haploid embryo, respective isolated culture of small embryo and big embryo into haploid plantlet, vernalization,chromosome doubling, transplantation and harvesting. The big embryo is cultured in big embryo culture medium. The small embryo is firstly cultured in small embryo culture medium and then cultured in basal medium. Small embryo culture medium has a higher sugar concentration, a higher osmotic pressure, richer kinds of amino acids, higher vitamin contents and contains trace of growth regulation factors with the germinating and seedling rate of small embryo being over 75%. By low-temperature vernalization, isolated cultured tissue culture seedlings are directly carried out chromosome doubling andplanting with the doubling treatment efficiency being over 89%. The method provided by the invention is adopted to improve seedling rate of haploid embryo and survival rate and success rate of chromosome doubling, simplify wheat breeding program, increase breeding efficiency and shorten breeding cycle, and has apparent effects on accelerating cultivation of fine varieties.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of haploid breeding, and in particular relates to a method for producing wheat double haploid by distant hybridization of wheat and corn. Background technique [0002] The haploid breeding approach includes anther / pollen grain culture, ovary / ovule culture, distant hybridization haploid induction, wheat × maize distant hybridization induction haploid technology was reported by Zenkteler and Nitzsche in 1984, and this technology is related to other haploids. Compared with the ploidy culture method, it has less gene dependence and higher plant production frequency, and does not produce albino seedlings. It is gradually accepted and applied by breeders (Mahmoodi, 2004), and is currently the most widely used haploid production method. Way. However, the current domestic and foreign reports on wheat×maize distant hybridization technology, haploid embryo induction and haploid seedling production frequency are not s...

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

However, the current domestic and foreign reports on wheat×maize distant hybridization technology, haploid embryo induction and haploid seedling production frequency are not stable, the success rate of doubling haploid plants is relatively low, and haploid breeding methods are not very mature. (Niroula and Bimb, 2009)

[0003] In the process of embryo formation induced by distant hybridization of wheat×maize, due to many uncontrollable factors in the environment, and differences in the maturity and nutritional status of florets at different ear positions, there are always a considerable number of induced haploid embryos. When the embryos are peeled off for in vitro culture, the embryos of the same embryo age are less than 300 m, large 1000 More than m, there was no medium for small embryos in the past, and large and small embryos were inoculated into the same medium with a volume of 400 Haploid immature embryos under m cannot germinate into seedlings

Not only is the process complicated, but also the wheat seedlings are larger after vernalization and turn green, and the roots need to be pruned when doubling the treatment with colchicine, the roots are damaged, and the survival rate is low