Immiscible water/polymer two-phase electrolyte and battery

A hydrophobic polymer and electrolyte technology, applied in secondary batteries, fuel cell-type half-cells, and secondary battery-type half-cells, circuits, etc., to achieve high power density, good contact, and high energy density.

Inactive Publication Date: 2012-10-03
BEIJING INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGYGY
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  • Summary
  • Abstract
  • Description
  • Claims
  • Application Information

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

[0007] There are defects in the way of solid diaphragm segmentation and the dual-phase electrolyte of the "solid/solid" interface described in the above-mentioned prior art, and these defects are unfav...

Method used

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  • Immiscible water/polymer two-phase electrolyte and battery
  • Immiscible water/polymer two-phase electrolyte and battery
  • Immiscible water/polymer two-phase electrolyte and battery

Examples

Experimental program
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Effect test

Embodiment 1

[0036] A lithium-air battery, the battery is composed of an electrolyte, a positive electrode, a negative electrode and a wire; wherein, the electrolyte is an immiscible "water / polymer" two-phase electrolyte, composed of an aqueous electrolyte and a hydrophobic organic polymer The composition of the electrolyte, the aqueous electrolyte and the hydrophobic organic polymer electrolyte are incompatible with each other and form a stable and clear interface; among them, the aqueous electrolyte is used for the positive electrode, and the hydrophobic organic polymer electrolyte is used for the negative electrode; the positive electrode is air The electrode is located in the aqueous electrolyte; the negative electrode is a metal lithium electrode, embedded in a hydrophobic organic polymer electrolyte; the external circuit between the positive electrode and the negative electrode is connected with the load (electrical appliance) by a wire, the wire is wrapped with an insulating material...

Embodiment 2

[0044] According to the method described in Example 1, the hydrophobic organic polymer electrolytes containing different mass percentages of polymethyl methacrylate were prepared; wherein the concentration of lithium perchlorate was 0.5 mol / L, and the hydrophobic organic The mass of the polymer electrolyte is 100%, and the mass percentages of polymethyl methacrylate are 0%, 5%, 10%, 15%, 20%, 25% and 30% respectively.

[0045] The viscosity (σ) and conductivity (η) of the hydrophobic organic polymer electrolyte were measured by AC impedance technology, and the measurement was performed on the CHI660A electrochemical workstation (Shanghai Chenhua Company) using double platinum conductivity electrodes, and the results were as follows figure 1 with figure 2 Shown.

[0046] figure 1 The horizontal axis in is the mass percentage concentration of polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) in the hydrophobic organic polymer electrolyte, expressed as C PMMA , The unit is W / W%, the vertical axis ...

Embodiment 3

[0048] A three-electrode system was used to measure the hydrophobicity and oxygen barrier properties of the hydrophobic organic polymer electrolyte prepared in Example 2 respectively. The three-electrode system is prepared by the following method:

[0049] The hydrophobic organic polymer electrolyte is divided into two groups. One group is used to measure the hydrophobicity, which is saturated with water vapor at 22±2℃ and then transferred to a glass electrolytic cell. The other group is used to measure the oxygen barrier performance. After being saturated with oxygen at ±2℃, it is transferred to a glass electrolytic cell. In each electrolytic cell, a platinum ultramicrodisk electrode with a diameter of 25 microns is used as the working electrode, and a silver (Ag) wire with a diameter of 0.5 mm is used as the quasi-reference electrode. The Ti electrode with a diameter of 0.5 mm is used as the counter electrode. The three electrodes are placed in the hydrophobic organic polymer e...

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Abstract

The invention relates to an immiscible water/polymer two-phase electrolyte and a battery and belongs to the technical field of a chemical power supply. The electrolyte consists of aqueous solution electrolyte and hydrophobic organic polymer electrolyte; the aqueous solution electrolyte is aqueous solution of sulfuric acid, perchloric acid, potassium sulfate, sodium sulfate, potassium hydroxide, sodium hydroxide or copper sulfate; the hydrophobic organic polymer electrolyte consists of a hydrophobic polymer, lithium salt and a hydrophobic organic solvent and has the conductivity of over 10<-4>S/cm; the aqueous solution electrolyte and the hydrophobic organic polymer electrolyte are immiscible and are well contacted and a stable and clear interface is formed; the interface is a flexible, waterproof and oxygen-proof functional region and can replace a rigid solid electrolyte membrane to implement the effect of maintaining the stability of a lithium negative electrode of the battery and the free motion of ions. The immiscible water/polymer two-phase electrolyte can be used for preparing the battery with the lithium negative electrode and is beneficial to the continuous work of the battery. The battery using the electrolyte can be a lithium-air or lithium-metal battery.

Description

Technical field [0001] The present invention relates to a mutually immiscible "water / polymer" biphasic electrolyte and battery, in particular to a mutually immiscible biphasic electrolyte formed by an aqueous electrolyte and a hydrophobic organic polymer electrolyte, and The battery containing the two-phase electrolyte, the battery may be a lithium-air battery and a lithium-metal battery, wherein the lithium-metal battery may be a lithium-copper battery and a lithium-nickel battery, which belongs to the technical field of chemical power sources. Background technique [0002] Compared with other batteries, lithium-ion batteries have many advantages, so they are currently a research hotspot. However, the specific energy of the positive electrode active material used in lithium-ion batteries (chemical power sources for organic electrolyte systems) is relatively low, only 150-220mAhg -1 , And the specific energy of the negative electrode active material is already very high, for exam...

Claims

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Application Information

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IPC IPC(8): H01M12/08H01M10/36
CPCY02E60/128Y02E60/10
Inventor 张存中吴伯荣吴锋陈晓慧穆道斌
Owner BEIJING INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGYGY
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