Coplanar compact type photonic crystal GPS (Global Positioning System) receiving antenna

Abstract

The invention discloses a coplanar compact type photonic crystal GPS (Global Positioning System) receiving antenna which comprises a dielectric substrate, a patch antenna is arranged on the front face of the dielectric substrate, an earth plate is arranged on the back face of the dielectric substrate, a feed pin is arranged in the center of the earth plate, photonic crystal structures are periodically distributed on the earth plate, each photonic crystal structure unit comprises a square patch and an inductance wire inserted in the middle, and the adjacent photonic crystal structure units are connected via the inductance wire. In the invention, a coplanar compact type photonic crystal is introduced into the earth plate of the patch antenna, the forbidden effect of photonic crystal is utilized, surface waves propagating along a base plate medium are inhibited, the electromagnetic wave radiation power of the antenna coupled to the space is increased, the inhibition of the surface waves can increase the efficiency of the antenna, and the performance of the antenna is improved.

Description

Technical field [0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of photonic crystal applications, and specifically relates to a coplanar compact photonic crystal GPS receiving antenna. Background technique [0002] The concept of photonic crystals was independently proposed by Eli Yablonovitch and Sajeev John in 1987. Photonic crystals are a new type of artificial material with periodic spatial permittivity changes, lattice constants comparable to light wavelengths, and a photonic band gap structure that can control the propagation state of photons. The basic feature of photonic crystals is that they have a photonic band gap. Electromagnetic waves whose frequencies fall within the band gap are prohibited from spreading. Another main feature of photonic crystals is photonic localization. If impurities or defects are introduced into the periodic structure of the photonic crystal, the photons matching the defect state frequency will be localized at the defect position. The ph...

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Problems solved by technology

But it also has defects. For example, the structure of the patch antenna can support surface waves, and the existence of surface waves in the patch antenna makes the energy trapped near the dielectric layer and cannot radiate out, which reduces the efficiency of the antenna. At the truncation of the medium, the electromagnetic wave will radiate and diffract, which will affect the antenna pattern, mainly causing the increase of the back lobe and the increase of the side lobe fluctuation, making the antenna vulnerable to electronic interference and deception

Due to the influence of surface waves, high-order modes, feeder loss and dielectric loss, patch antennas have disadvantages such as low efficiency, narrow bandwidth, and low gain.

These shortcomings affect the application of the patch antenna to a certain extent, therefore, it is urgent to improve it for better application

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