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Silicon oxide/carbon cathode material of lithium ion battery and preparation method of material

A technology for lithium ion batteries and negative electrode materials, applied in battery electrodes, circuits, electrical components, etc., can solve the problems of difficult control of composite structure, difficult commercialization, low Coulombic efficiency, etc., and achieve high electrochemical activity and charge-discharge capacity. The effect of reducing volume expansion effect and improving circulation stability

Active Publication Date: 2013-04-03
BTR NEW MATERIAL GRP CO LTD
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  • Summary
  • Abstract
  • Description
  • Claims
  • Application Information

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

[0007] From the above mechanism, it can be seen that when SiO is used as an anode material, its first Coulombic efficiency is very low (less than 70%), mainly because the first step reaction (Formula 1) is an irreversible reaction, and the generated Li 2 O. Li 4 SiO 4 And reactions such as the decomposition and condensation of silicon oxides and organic electrolytes consume more lithium ions
However, this material does not solve the problem of low initial charge and discharge efficiency, and the initial charge and discharge efficiency is less than 65%, which cannot meet commercial requirements.
However, this method does not solve the volume expansion effect of Si materials.
At the same time, the sol-gel preparation method used in this material is difficult to control, and Si / SiO 2 Composite structures are difficult to control and difficult to commercialize

Method used

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  • Silicon oxide/carbon cathode material of lithium ion battery and preparation method of material
  • Silicon oxide/carbon cathode material of lithium ion battery and preparation method of material
  • Silicon oxide/carbon cathode material of lithium ion battery and preparation method of material

Examples

Experimental program
Comparison scheme
Effect test

Embodiment 1

[0065] SiO with a particle size of 20~400nm 0.5 The powder is dispersed in ethanol to form a slurry, and the solid content is controlled at 20%; then an appropriate amount of iron powder is added to the above slurry to mix and stir until a uniform slurry is formed, in which SiO 0.5 The molar ratio of iron powder and iron powder is 1:0.4; add artificial graphite with a particle size of 0.5~30 μm to the uniform slurry, mix and disperse evenly, and dry to obtain a mixture, in which artificial graphite accounts for 70%; place the mixture under nitrogen conditions, At a heating rate of 5°C / min, heat up to 1100°C, hold for 3 hours, and cool naturally in the furnace to room temperature to obtain a composite material; place the above composite material in 2.0mol / L dilute hydrochloric acid solution for 5 hours, vacuum filter, remove Repeatedly washing with ionic water to neutrality and drying to obtain a compound; according to the mass percentage, mix and disperse 80% of the compound, ...

Embodiment 2

[0067] SiO with a particle size of 300~600nm 0.8 The powder is dispersed in ethanol to form a slurry, and the solid content is controlled at 15%; then an appropriate amount of aluminum powder is added to the above slurry and mixed and stirred until a uniform slurry is formed; wherein SiO 0.8The molar ratio of aluminum powder and aluminum powder is 1:0.3; add mesophase carbon microspheres with a particle size of 0.5-50 μm to the above slurry, mix and disperse evenly, and dry to obtain a mixture, in which mesophase carbon microspheres account for 65%; will get The mixture was placed under argon gas, heated to 750°C at a heating rate of 6°C / min, kept for 2 hours, and cooled naturally to obtain a composite material; the above composite material was fully soaked in 1.0mol / L dilute sulfuric acid solution for 8 hours, After vacuum filtration, deionized water was repeatedly washed to neutrality, and the compound was dried; according to the mass percentage, 60% of the compound, 40% of ...

Embodiment 3

[0069] SiO with a particle size of 500~2000nm 1.0 The powder is dispersed in n-butanol to form a slurry, and the solid content is controlled at 25%; then an appropriate amount of zinc powder is added to the above slurry, mixed and dispersed evenly, wherein SiO 1.0 The molar ratio of zinc powder and zinc powder is 1:1.1; artificial graphite with a particle size of 5-35 μm is added to the above slurry, mixed and dispersed evenly, and dried to obtain a mixture, in which artificial graphite accounts for 65%; the obtained mixture is placed in argon Under the same conditions, the temperature was raised to 900°C at a heating rate of 4°C / min, held for 6 hours, and naturally cooled to room temperature in the furnace to obtain a composite material; the composite material was fully soaked in 1.0mol / L dilute hydrochloric acid solution for 12 hours, and vacuum filtered , repeatedly washed with deionized water until neutral, and dried to obtain a compound; according to the mass percentage, ...

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Abstract

The invention discloses a silicon oxide / carbon cathode material of a lithium ion battery and a preparation method of the material. The silicon oxide / carbon cathode material is a three-layer compound material with a core-shell structure and takes a graphite material as an inner core, porous silicon oxide as a middle layer and organic pyrolytic carbon as an outermost covering layer; and the preparation method comprises a process of preparing porous SiOx and a carbon covering process. Compared with the prior art, active metal is added to reduce SiOx partially, the volume expansion effect of silicon particles is greatly reduced as the volume expansion effect of the silicon particles in the charging and discharging processes can be automatically absorbed by the obtained product structure, and the initial charging and discharging efficiency and the cycling stability are remarkably improved. The initial reversible specific capacity is larger than 600 mAh / g, the initial charging and discharging efficiency is higher than 88%, the capacity retention ratio is higher than 98% after the capacity is cycled for 50 times, the synthetic process is simple and easy to operate, the manufacturing cost is low, and the large-scale production is easy to realize.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to the field of lithium ion battery negative electrode materials, in particular, the invention relates to a silicon-containing lithium ion battery negative electrode material and a preparation method thereof. Background technique [0002] Commercial lithium-ion batteries mainly use graphite-like carbon materials as negative electrode active materials. However, due to its low specific capacity (372mAh / g) and safety issues caused by lithium deposition, carbon-based anode materials cannot meet the requirements of miniaturization of electronic equipment and high-power and high-capacity lithium-ion batteries for vehicles, so research and development are needed. A new lithium-ion battery anode material that can replace carbon materials with high energy density, high safety performance, and long cycle life. [0003] As a new lithium-ion battery anode material, silicon has become the focus of researchers because of its high theoretical s...

Claims

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Application Information

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IPC IPC(8): H01M4/38
CPCY02E60/10
Inventor 岳敏余德馨李胜黄友元贺雪琴
Owner BTR NEW MATERIAL GRP CO LTD
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