Halide alkylation technique and halide alkylation system for preparation of chloroethane

Abstract

The invention discloses a halide alkylation technique and a halide alkylation system for preparation of chloroethane. A special chloroethane reactor is used for replacing a plurality of reaction kettles to realize facility upsizing and automatic control and increase the transformation rate of raw materials. According to the difference of gaseous phase partial pressure of ethanol water solution at different temperatures and the difference of gaseous phase partial pressure of hydrochloric acid at different temperatures, most of the ethanol and hydrochloric acid in the reactant mixed gas is distilled and separated and then returned to the chloroethane reactor for reuse; according to the property that organic solvents such as chloroethane and ethanol have different boiling points at different concentrations, a rectification technique is adopted for rectifying and separating chloroethane of which the content satisfies the quality requirement; and according to the property that water has different solubilities in chloroethane at different temperatures, the temperature of chloroethane is reasonably controlled to realize dehydration of chloroethane, and most of the unreacted hydrochloric acid and alcohol in production is recycled and returned to a special reactor for reuse, so that the production cost is lowered, the total amount of pollutant is reduced and good application value is achieved.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of chemical industry, and in particular relates to a haloalkanization process method and system for preparing ethyl chloride. Background technique [0002] In the process of producing ethyl chloride by halogenation method, the main raw materials are hydrochloric acid and alcohol, zinc chloride solution is used as catalyst, and sulfuric acid, caustic soda, etc. are used as absorbents for chemical purification of products; there are about 15%-20% of the product in the production process Alcohol is absorbed by sulfuric acid, so dilute sulfuric acid containing a large amount of ester and ether organic substances is produced; about 3.0 tons of 30% hydrochloric acid is consumed for each ton of ethyl chloride produced, and about 0.18 tons of chemical water is produced, which will produce about 3.0 tons Dilute hydrochloric acid containing ethanol; neutralization of waste alkali and washing with clean water also prod...

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Problems solved by technology

[0003] The object of the present invention is to use a haloalkane process and system for preparing ethyl chloride, aiming to solve the problem of treating waste liquid existing in the production of ethyl chloride, which causes high cost of pollution control and induces many environmental pollution factors; Reactor is used as the main heating equipment in the production process. There are many unfavorable factors such as low output per unit, low conversion rate of raw materials, and large area occupied by the device, which limit its production scale.

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