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Method for improving ionic rare earth extraction rate and mine tailing safety

An ionic rare earth, safe technology, applied in the fields of mine environmental protection, rare earth chemical beneficiation and hydrometallurgy, can solve the problems of rare earth resource waste, achieve the effect of improving recycling rate, reducing ammonium consumption, and reducing landslide risk

Inactive Publication Date: 2014-04-02
NANCHANG UNIV
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  • Summary
  • Abstract
  • Description
  • Claims
  • Application Information

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Problems solved by technology

Therefore, the waste of rare earth resources

Method used

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  • Method for improving ionic rare earth extraction rate and mine tailing safety
  • Method for improving ionic rare earth extraction rate and mine tailing safety
  • Method for improving ionic rare earth extraction rate and mine tailing safety

Examples

Experimental program
Comparison scheme
Effect test

Embodiment 1

[0016] Take 1 kg of ore from 6 different origins (marked as 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7) respectively, put them into a glass column with a diameter of 50 mm, and first use 2% ammonium sulfate solution at a liquid-solid ratio of 0.8 :1 leaching, and then use 2% ammonium sulfate solution of pH 1 to leaching the ore with a liquid-solid ratio of 0.4:1. The leachate was collected separately, and the total amount of rare earth and scandium oxide content were analyzed. The results are listed in Table 1.

[0017] Table 1 Comparison of two-stage leaching effects of several representative ionic rare earth ores

[0018]

[0019]

[0020] It can be seen from the results in Table 1 that the content of rare earths in ores from different origins is different, and the proportion of rare earths leached from neutral salts to the total ionic phase is also different. Among them, by increasing the acid leaching process in Kanxi and Xunwu rare earth mines, the secondary leaching rates exceeded 20% a...

Embodiment 2

[0022] Naturally air-dry the rare earth raw ore samples at a depth of 1m in GX-S2 mine, and take samples under a 20-mesh sieve for rinsing experiments. According to the liquid-solid ratio of 0.2:1, it is ejected with water, which is the main content of the technology used in mines at present. Continue to fully rinse with water, which is equivalent to simulating the rainwater leaching process in mines. The analysis of the leachate can explain the situation of mine wastewater under natural rainwater leaching; finally, it is fully exchanged with 10% NaCl solution, and the analysis of the leachate can explain the residues in the mine. The ammonia nitrogen content in the ore and the residual rare earth content. The results obtained are shown in Table 1

[0023] Table 2 GX-S2 ionic rare earth ore ammonium sulfate leaching and sodium chloride washing exchange experiment results (mg / kg)

[0024]

[0025] The results in Table 2 show that the amount of rare earth leached according ...

Embodiment 3

[0028] Naturally air-dry the rare earth raw ore samples at a depth of 1m in GX-S2 mine, and take samples under a 20-mesh sieve for rinsing experiments. With a liquid-solid ratio of 0.2:1, use a 2% ammonium sulfate solution of pH 2 to leaching out, and then push out with water according to a liquid-solid ratio of 0.2:1. The results obtained are shown in Table 3:

[0029] Table 3 GX-S2 ionic rare earth ore neutral-acidic salt two-stage leaching test results

[0030]

[0031] Comparing the results in Table 3 with the results in Table 2, when the last quarter of the original neutral ammonium sulfate leaching is replaced by acidic ammonium sulfate leaching, the amount of rare earth leached with a liquid-solid ratio of 1:1 can be increased. , but the leaching amount did not increase when the liquid-solid ratio was 0.8:1, but more rare earths were obtained in the subsequent water topping process. It shows that the increase of rare earth leaching caused by the addition of acid will ...

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Abstract

The invention discloses a method for improving an ionic rare earth extraction rate and mine tailing safety. According to the characteristics of ionic rare earth ore, 1, most of rare earth is subjected to extraction according to a ratio of rare earth raw ore to a nearly neutral ammonium salt ore-leaching agent and then an acid sulfate ore-leaching agent is supplied so that rare earth having high leaching difficulty is extracted by leaching, rather than at the beginning, a pH value of the ore-leaching agent is adjusted to less than 4, and 2, after acid sulfate ore-leaching agent-based extraction, tailings are cared respectively by water and a lime milk aqueous solution so that residual acid in the ore is neutralized and adsorbed excess ammonium is transferred to the solution and thus ammonium residues in the tailings are reduced and an ammonium recovery utilization rate is improved. Through the method, rare earth extraction efficiency is improved by 2-30% and the rare earth extraction efficiency is related to content of difficult exchange ingredients in ore, ammonium consumption is reduced by about 20%, content of rare earth and ammonium residues in mine tailings is reduced by above 50%, and content of rare earth, ammonium, uranium and thorium in mine tail water is reduced by above 70%. The method guarantees a tail water pH value of 7 and reduces risk of landslip caused by mine tailing puffing.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to a process method capable of significantly improving the leaching rate of ionic rare earths and the safety of tailings, which belongs to the field of rare earth chemical beneficiation and hydrometallurgy, and is also related to the field of mine environmental protection. Background technique [0002] Ionic rare earths are a kind of precious medium-heavy rare earth resources unique to my country, and have been widely valued at home and abroad. Through decades of research and development, a relatively complete industrial chain from mining to separation and purification to material application has been formed. However, there are also some problems in the mining process, the most concerned of which is the environmental impact of mining. Especially after the promotion of in-situ leaching technology, although the degree of destruction of vegetation has been greatly reduced, the problems of rare earth loss and environmental water poll...

Claims

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Application Information

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IPC IPC(8): C22B59/00C22B3/04C22B3/28
CPCY02P10/20
Inventor 李永绣许秋华王悦谢爱玲侯潇周雪珍周新木刘艳珠李静李东平
Owner NANCHANG UNIV
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