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Membrane electrode for improving anode water management of proton exchange membrane fuel cell

A proton exchange membrane and fuel cell technology, applied in fuel cells, battery electrodes, fuel cell additives, etc., can solve problems such as lower energy conversion efficiency and lower hydrogen utilization rate, and achieve lower ohmic resistance, relieve pressure, and increase resistance. The effect of water power

Active Publication Date: 2014-06-11
DALIAN INST OF CHEM PHYSICS CHINESE ACAD OF SCI
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  • Summary
  • Abstract
  • Description
  • Claims
  • Application Information

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

Since the anode will bring a part of water under the action of concentration difference diffusion, this part of water often needs excess hydrogen to be removed, which will lead to a decrease in the utilization rate of hydrogen and a decrease in energy conversion efficiency.

Method used

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  • Membrane electrode for improving anode water management of proton exchange membrane fuel cell
  • Membrane electrode for improving anode water management of proton exchange membrane fuel cell
  • Membrane electrode for improving anode water management of proton exchange membrane fuel cell

Examples

Experimental program
Comparison scheme
Effect test

Embodiment 1

[0024] In Example 1, the proton exchange membrane is prepared by pouring Nafion solution into a film. First, a layer of Nafion solution is poured on a flat glass plate. Micron), and then cast a layer of S-SiO containing 5wt.% on its surface 2 The Nafion solution is dried to form a film on the anode side (the film thickness is about 25 microns).

[0025] After the membrane is completely dry, spray-coat the surface of the anode side membrane with a loading amount of 50wt.%Pt / C, Nafion, S-SiO 2 , isopropanol catalyst slurry (Pt / C, Nafion, S-SiO 2 , isopropanol in a weight ratio of 3:1:0.2:10), and finally form a catalytic layer with water-locking properties on the anode side (containing sulfonated SiO 2 about 5wt.%). Then spray a catalyst slurry composed of Pt / C, Nafion, and isopropanol on the surface of the cathode side membrane (the weight ratio of Pt / C, Nafion, and isopropanol is 3:1:10), forming a common structure on the cathode side. catalytic layer.

[0026] Select the...

Embodiment 2

[0034] In Example 2, a layer of S-SiO containing 2wt.% is sprayed with a thickness of about 20 microns on the surface of the Nafion211 type proton exchange membrane. 2 The Nafion layer (i.e. S-SiO 2 accounted for S-SiO 2 2wt.% of the total weight of Nafion), forming an improved composite structure proton exchange membrane, and will contain S-SiO 2 side as the anode side.

[0035] Spray the catalyst slurry on the anode side surface of the above membrane, which consists of a loading of 60wt.%Pt / C, Nafion, S-SiO 2 , isopropanol composition (Pt / C, Nafion, S-SiO 2 , isopropanol mass ratio: 3:1:0.08:10), and S-SiO 2 The content is about 2wt.%. The cathode side is sprayed without SiO 2 Catalyst slurry (Pt / C, Nafion, isopropanol mass ratio is 3:1:10).

[0036] Brush the anode microporous layer slurry (nano-scale graphite powder, PTFE, water, alcohol, ammonium carbonate, the ratio is 58:40:60:400:2) on the surface of the carbon paper that has completed the hydrophobic treatment,...

Embodiment 3

[0044] The difference from Example 2 is that the prepared proton exchange membrane anode side sulfonated SiO 2 The content is 10wt.% (ie S-SiO 2 accounted for S-SiO 2 10wt.% of the total weight of Nafion); the anode side catalytic layer contains sulfonated SiO 2 The content is about 10wt.% (Pt / C, Nafion, S-SiO 2 The mass ratio is: 3:1:0.44); the PTFE content of the microporous layer on the anode side is 50wt.%, and the ammonium oxalate is 10wt.% (nano-scale graphite powder, PTFE, ammonium carbonate, the ratio is 4:5:1). Compared the performance of membrane electrode and common membrane electrode in embodiment 3, as Figure 4 As shown, the performance of the adjusted membrane electrode did not attenuate.

[0045] The change of water output from the anode was also investigated, and the anode "dead end" mode was adopted, that is, zero gas discharge from the anode, and the water output from the anode outlet was observed. After the battery runs for 1 hour, no obvious liquid wa...

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Abstract

An anode of a proton exchange membrane fuel cell does not generate water, but water generated by a cathode can enter the anode through concentration diffusion, and the water needs to be carried out of the cell by hydrogen to ensure stable cell performance, so that the burden of anode water management is increased and the hydrogen utilization rate is reduced. The invention relates to a membrane electrode capable of improving the anode water management of a proton exchange membrane fuel cell. According to the membrane electrode, water-locking substances such as SiO2 and other oxides are added into a membrane and a catalyst layer on the anode side to lock a large quantity of anode water in the catalyst layer and the membrane; an anode micropore layer is made from carbon materials, such as graphite powder, with relatively good hydrophobicity, relatively high conductivity and relatively large particle size, so that the water resistance of the anode micropore layer can be improved, a large quantity of water is prevented from entering an anode flow field, and the anode water management burden is reduced.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to a membrane electrode structure capable of improving the anode water management of a proton exchange membrane fuel cell. The pore characteristics of the porous layer achieve the purpose of improving anode water management. Background technique [0002] A fuel cell is an energy conversion device that is environmentally friendly, has a high energy conversion rate, and has a high power density. It uses hydrogen and oxygen / air as reaction gases, and converts the chemical energy stored in hydrogen through the electrochemical process inside the battery. Converted into electrical energy and released, the energy conversion process has no noise and zero pollution. After decades of development, fuel cells have been demonstrated in the fields of automobile transportation and backup power stations, and have been applied in aerospace and other fields. [0003] The fuel cell includes a solid electrolyte membrane and an anode and a cathode o...

Claims

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Application Information

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IPC IPC(8): H01M4/86H01M4/92
CPCY02E60/50H01M4/8657H01M8/0245H01M8/04291H01M8/1004H01M2004/8689H01M2008/1095
Inventor 宋微俞红梅邵志刚衣宝廉
Owner DALIAN INST OF CHEM PHYSICS CHINESE ACAD OF SCI
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