Electronic control beam scanning reflection array antenna and beam scanning method thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses an electronic control beam scanning reflection array antenna and a beam scanning method thereof. The antenna is low in cost and loss and simple in structure. The antenna is characterized in that two initial feed sources are adopted in the antenna to perform irradiation excitation on a reflective array plane, and the excitation amplitude ratio of the feed source 1 to the feed source 2 is changed to change the phase value distribution of a total incident field in the array plane so that electronic control beam scanning can be achieved. The antenna is simple in structure and does not need extra biasing circuits, so that machining is convenient, and stability is high. High-gain beam scanning can be achieved just through the two initial feed sources without extra T / R modules, so that the manufacturing cost is effectively lowered. The antenna is suitable for microwave or millimeter wave or terahertz frequency bands and can be used in wireless communication and radar systems.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention belongs to the fields of wireless communication technology, radar technology and imaging technology, and in particular relates to an electronically controlled beam scanning array antenna and a beam scanning method that can effectively reduce costs. Background technique [0002] Array antennas with beam scanning play an increasingly important role in modern wireless communication technology, radar systems and imaging. Traditional phased array antennas can independently control the amplitude and phase of each unit in the array, so that beam forming and scanning can be performed quickly and flexibly, and it has unique advantages such as multi-target search and high-speed tracking. important position in the field. But for an array with a large number of elements, a large number of transceiver components and a complex feed network are necessarily required, which means expensive manufacturing costs, awkward weight and high loss. These shortco...

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Problems solved by technology

[0004] In 1995, J.Huang et al. proposed for the first time the use of a microcomputer structure to adjust the rotation angle of the radiation patch to achieve changes in the front phase and beam scanning, but this method requires mechanical control, so the beam scanning response speed slow and clumsy

In 2006, M.R.Chaharmir et al. proposed an optically controlled electronic scanning reflectarray antenna, which controls the carrier concentration in the semiconductor by controlling the strength of the corresponding light source behind each unit, thereby changing the reflection phase value of the unit, but its control components High processing requirements, expensive dielectric materials, and inaccurate phase values ​​limit its application

However, the phase shift of the unit is less than 360 degrees, and the high loss of the internal resistance of the varactor diode at high frequency operation has not been effectively resolved, which makes the array efficiency low, the beam pointing deviates, and each unit requires an additional bias circuit Control its phase, thus increasing the complexity of the array

[0006] In 2010, S.R.Rengarajan designed to achieve beam scanning by changing the position of the primary feed, but it needs to mechanically control the position of the moving feed, so it will inevitably lead to a decrease in stability, and the performance cannot be compared with the electronically controlled beam scanning antenna. Compare

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