Electrically controlled hydrogen-spraying pressure regulating device of fuel cell system

[0029] Examples:

[0030] Such as figure 1 As shown, an electronically controlled hydrogen injection pressure adjustment device of a fuel cell system is used to control the air intake of the hydrogen side of the fuel cell system. The electronically controlled hydrogen injection pressure adjustment device includes:

[0031] Fuel cell stack 4: used to carry out the reaction of the hydrogen fuel cell to generate electricity;

[0032] Hydrogen side intake pressure control component: connected to the hydrogen intake pipe of the fuel cell stack to control the intake pressure of hydrogen and the return of hydrogen;

[0033] Drainage component: connected with the hydrogen exhaust pipe of the fuel cell stack to discharge wastewater;

[0034] Controller: respectively connected with the hydrogen side intake pressure control component and the hydrogen exhaust component to control the hydrogen side intake pressure control component and the hydrogen exhaust component, and adjust the hydrogen intake side pressure.

[0035] The drainage assembly includes a steam-water separator 5 and a hydrogen discharge solenoid valve 8. The hydrogen exhaust pipe of the fuel cell stack, the water outlet of the steam-water separator 5 and the hydrogen discharge solenoid valve 8 are connected in sequence, and the hydrogen discharge solenoid valve 8 is connected to the controller.

[0036] The hydrogen side intake pressure control components include hydrogen intake solenoid valve 1, electronically controlled hydrogen injection regulating valve 2 and hydrogen return ejector 3, hydrogen intake solenoid valve 1, electronically controlled hydrogen injection regulating valve 2, and hydrogen return ejector 3 and the hydrogen gas inlet pipe of the fuel cell stack are connected in sequence, and the injection port of the hydrogen return ejector 3 and the hydrogen outlet port of the steam-water separator 5 are connected by a pipe.

[0037] The hydrogen return ejector 3 mainly uses the Venturi principle. During the working process, the hydrogen supplied by the electronically controlled hydrogen injection regulator valve 2 uses the change of kinetic energy and potential energy generated by the gas flow when passing through the hydrogen return ejector 3 , Generate a lower pressure at the ejection port, use the pressure difference to introduce the hydrogen at the exhaust pipe of the fuel cell stack 4 into the hydrogen return ejector 3, so as to achieve mixing with the hydrogen supplied by the electronically controlled hydrogen injection regulator 2. Purpose, in order to increase the temperature and humidity of the hydrogen entering the fuel cell stack 4, the steam-water separator 5 mainly discharges the excess liquid water at the exit of the fuel cell stack 4, so as to prevent the refluxed hydrogen from being carried into the hydrogen ejector. 3. Affect the overall working characteristics of the system. The main function of the one-way valve 6 is to prevent the return of the hydrogen ejector 3 in the transient process due to pressure changes during the working process. The pressure of the ejector 3 is higher than the outlet of the fuel cell stack 4 The hydrogen generated from the injection port flows back to the outlet of the fuel cell stack 4, and the use of the one-way valve 6 can ensure that there is no hydrogen backflow phenomenon under any circumstances.

[0038] The pipeline between the injection port of the hydrogen return ejector 3 and the hydrogen outlet of the steam-water separator 5 is provided with a one-way valve 6, the injection port of the hydrogen return ejector 3 and the hydrogen outlet of the steam-water separator 5 The outer side of the pipeline between is wrapped with an insulation layer 7. The hydrogen side intake pressure control assembly also includes a high pressure pressure sensor 9 and a low pressure pressure sensor 10 respectively connected to the controller. The high pressure pressure sensor 9 is set at the inlet of the hydrogen intake solenoid valve 1. In the pipeline, the low-pressure pressure sensor 10 is installed at the hydrogen intake pipe of the fuel cell stack, and the high-pressure pressure sensor 9 and the hydrogen intake solenoid valve 1 are used to judge the working conditions of the system to ensure the normal working state of the system and corresponding protection , The low-pressure pressure sensor 10 is mainly used for real-time monitoring and feedback of the pressure on the inlet pipe of the fuel cell stack 4, and then the controller performs closed-loop control on the work of the electronically controlled hydrogen injection regulating valve 2, so as to make the pressure value there Consistent with the target pressure setting value.

[0039] The electronically controlled hydrogen injection regulating valve 2 includes multiple high-frequency and small-flow solenoid valves, all of which are connected to the controller. According to the set target pressure value, the controller controls the high-frequency and small-flow solenoid valves. The number and frequency of opening are controlled so that the actual pressure value of the system is consistent with the set value. At the same time, it is also necessary to ensure that the supply of hydrogen can meet the needs of the fuel cell stack.

[0040] When the fuel cell system is working, the hydrogen supply is first uploaded by the high pressure pressure sensor 9 to the system controller to determine whether the hydrogen pressure is normal. If the pressure is normal, the hydrogen intake solenoid valve 1 is opened, and the hydrogen is supplied to the electronically controlled hydrogen injection regulating valve. 2. At this time, the system controller adjusts the opening number and frequency of multiple high-frequency and small-flow solenoid valves in the electronically controlled hydrogen injection regulator 2 according to the feedback value of the low-pressure pressure sensor 10, and adjusts the pressure value feedback from the low-pressure pressure sensor 10 to the target Set value.

[0041] While the electronically controlled hydrogen injection regulating valve 2 adjusts the pressure of the hydrogen supply system, the fuel cell stack 4 consumes hydrogen during the working process, and the hydrogen supplied by the hydrogen supply will pass through the hydrogen gas intake solenoid valve 1 and the electronically controlled hydrogen injection regulating valve 2. The hydrogen return ejector 3 enters the fuel cell stack 4, and the hydrogen in the hydrogen return ejector 3 is converted by the kinetic energy and potential energy of the hydrogen under the action of the Venturi principle, thereby generating inside the hydrogen return ejector 3 It is lower than the pressure at the outlet of the fuel cell stack 4, so under the action of the pressure difference, the unreacted hydrogen at the outlet of the fuel cell stack 4 is returned to the hydrogen return ejector 3 and supplied with the electronically controlled hydrogen injection regulator 2 The dry hydrogen is mixed and recycled.

[0042] The main purpose of the hydrogen return injection cycle hydrogen supply system is to use the high-temperature and high-humidity hydrogen at the outlet of the fuel cell stack 4 and the hydrogen supplied by the electronically controlled hydrogen injection regulating valve 2 to mix inside the hydrogen return ejector 3 and improve The temperature and humidity of the hydrogen entering the fuel cell stack 4 improves the working conditions of the fuel cell; at the same time, due to the improvement of the fuel cell working conditions, the opening frequency of the hydrogen discharge solenoid valve 8 is reduced, thereby reducing the amount of hydrogen discharged and correspondingly improving the utilization of hydrogen rate.

[0043] Since the high temperature and high humidity gas at the outlet of the fuel cell stack 4 has a large temperature difference with the ambient temperature, it is easy to condense, reducing the water injected back, and a layer of insulation layer 7 is wrapped on the outside of the pipeline to reduce the separation of gas and water. The condensate discharged from the filter.