Metal-doped hollow mesoporous silicon oxide nanosphere and preparation method thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses a metal-doped hollow mesoporous silicon oxide nanosphere and a preparation method thereof. The nanosphere is characterized in that a doped metal element is one or two or more of group IIIA elements, group IVA elements, group VA elements, transition metals and rare earth metals in the periodical table, and a molar ratio of the doped metal element to silicon atoms is 0.01-0.2; and the nanosphere has a uniform two-dimensional hexagonal porous structure, the particle size is 60-200nm, the cavity diameter is 40-180nm, the spherical wall thickness is 10-30nm, the aperture of mesopores is 2.0-4.0nm, the specific surface area is 600-1600m<2>.g<-1>, and the pore volume is 2.0-4.0cm<3>.g<-1>. The metal doped hollow mesoporous silicon oxide nanosphere material can be directly synthesized through a sol-gel technology without a hard template, so etching and other post-treatment steps are avoided, thereby the preparation method has the advantages of simple process, mild conditions, cheap raw materials, high reaction efficiency, strong operability and easy industrial production. The hollow mesoporous nanosphere prepared in the invention has a highly ordered mesoporous structure and a large pore volume, so internal and external transportation and storage of guest molecules are facilitated, and the nanosphere can be used in catalysis, adsorption, separation an drug controlled release processes.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to the field of inorganic porous materials, in particular to mesoporous silicon-based nanomaterials, more specifically to a metal-doped hollow mesoporous silicon oxide nanosphere and a preparation method thereof. Background technique [0002] In 1992, Mobil Corporation publicly reported the ordered mesoporous silicon oxide material represented by MCM-41 for the first time [J.Am.Chem.Soc.1992, 114, 10834], setting off an upsurge in research on mesoporous materials. However, the pure silicon M41s molecular sieve has a neutral framework, few defects, small ion exchange capacity, low acid content and low reactivity, which limits its application in catalysis, adsorption, separation and environmental protection. Studies have shown that the introduction of metal heteroatoms (such as Al, Ti, Fe, Ce, etc.) And improve the hydrothermal stability of mesoporous molecular sieves, so metal-doped mesoporous silica molecular sieves have attracte...

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Problems solved by technology

Existing preparation method [NanoLett.2003,3,609; CN200310107904] utilize double surfactant (tetrapropylamine hydroxide and hexadecyltrimethylammonium bromide) as the soft film plate, with ethyl orthosilicate as Silicon source and aluminum sulfate are the aluminum source, and they are hydrolyzed under the action of sodium hydroxide to obtain mesoporous aluminosilicate hollow spheres with MCM-48 structure, but the size of the synthesized hollow spheres is about 600nm and the uniformity is difficult to effectively control ; Another method [ACSNano2012,5,4434; CN201110069212] at first prepares silica spheres to be dura mater, aluminum source (sodium metaaluminate) and sodium carbonate are added in silica sphere dispersion liquid, stirring reaction minute After 3 hours of etching, the precipitate was collected, and then prepared into a dispersion liquid for hydrothermal reaction for 48 hours. Ordered mesoporous aluminosilicate hollow spheres were obtained by sacrificing the template. However, the preparation process was cumbersome and aluminum-doped The average particle size of mesoporous silica hollow spheres is 270nm

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