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Low-temperature preparation method of rice-hull-based porous silicon material

A technology of silicon materials and rice husks, which is applied in the field of preparation of rice husk-based porous silicon nanomaterials to achieve high yield, simple process and low price

Inactive Publication Date: 2017-02-22
YANGZHOU UNIV
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  • Summary
  • Abstract
  • Description
  • Claims
  • Application Information

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

[0006] However, there are still no relevant literature reports and patent applications for preparing rice husk-based porous silicon materials at ultra-low temperatures.

Method used

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  • Low-temperature preparation method of rice-hull-based porous silicon material

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Experimental program
Comparison scheme
Effect test

Embodiment 1

[0028] Step 1: Use the washed and dried rice husk as raw material, heat it with microwave radiation in the air, and oxidize it with a power of 900 W for 50 minutes to obtain rice husk ash, then soak it in 0.1 M dilute hydrochloric acid, and wash it repeatedly with distilled water After drying, the rice husk ash after drying is obtained;

[0029] Step 2: Combine the dried rice husk ash with aluminum powder and AlCl 3Mixing, the mass ratio of these three mixtures is 1:1:10, and the mixture is loaded into a stainless steel airtight container, heated to 190 ° C and incubated for 10 hours;

[0030] Step 3: After the reaction time is up, cool the sealed stainless steel container to the greenhouse naturally, collect the reaction product, soak it with 3% dilute hydrochloric acid, and wash it repeatedly with distilled water; finally remove it with 3% hydrofluoric acid The residual silicon oxide is the rice husk-based porous silicon material.

[0031] Product and performance testing: ...

Embodiment 2

[0038] Step 1: Use washed and dried rice husks as raw materials, heat them with microwave radiation in the air with a microwave device at a power of 800W, and oxidize them for 25 minutes to obtain rice husk ash, then soak them in 0.1 M dilute hydrochloric acid, and wash them repeatedly with distilled water After drying, the rice husk ash after drying is obtained;

[0039] Step 2: Combine the dried rice husk ash with aluminum powder, magnesium powder, AlCl 3 Mixing, wherein the mixing mass ratio of the four raw materials is 1:0.5:0.5:10. Then the mixture is loaded into a stainless steel airtight container, heated to 200°C and incubated for 5 hours;

[0040] Step 3: After the reaction time is up, cool the sealed stainless steel container to the greenhouse naturally, collect the reaction product, soak it with 3% dilute hydrochloric acid, and wash it repeatedly with distilled water; finally remove it with 3% hydrofluoric acid Residual silicon oxide, that is, a carbon-doped rice ...

Embodiment 3

[0045] Step 1: Use washed and dried rice husks as raw materials, heat them with microwave radiation in the air with a microwave device, and oxidize them for 30 minutes at a power of 1000W to obtain rice husk ash, then soak them in 0.1M dilute hydrochloric acid, and wash them repeatedly with distilled water After drying, the rice husk ash after drying is obtained;

[0046] Step 2: First mix aluminum powder and magnesium powder with a mass ratio of 1:1, and then mix them with dried rice husk ash, AlCl 3 Mix again with a mass ratio of 2:1:8, then load the mixture into a stainless steel airtight container, heat to 180°C and keep it warm for 18 hours;

[0047] Step 3: After the reaction time is up, cool the stainless steel airtight container to the greenhouse naturally, collect the reaction product, soak it in 3% dilute hydrochloric acid, wash it repeatedly with distilled water, and finally remove the residual silicon oxide with 70°C, 2M NaOH solution material, that is, the rice h...

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Abstract

The invention discloses a low-temperature preparation method of a rice-hull-based porous silicon material and belongs to the technical field of nanoelectrode material preparation. The method comprises the steps that first, washed and dried rice hulls are heated and oxidized in air to obtain rice hull ash, then the rich hull ash is soaked with diluted hydrochloric acid, washed with distilled water and dried, and the dried rich hull ash is obtained; the dried rich hull ash, aluminum powder or a mixture of aluminum powder and magnesium powder and a chloride mixture are mixed and then subjected to a sealed heating reaction, the temperature is kept till the reaction is over, then the mixture is cooled to room temperature, the product obtained after the reaction is collected, soaked with diluted hydrochloric acid and washed with distilled water, and the rice-hull-based porous silicon material is obtained. The method has the advantages that the process is simple, the raw materials are low in price, the reaction process has a low requirement for temperature, and the yield is high; the prepared rice-hull-based porous silicon material has excellent electrochemical performance and can be used as a lithium ion battery cathode material, thereby providing a new way for high-value-added utilization of the rice hulls.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of preparation of nanometer electrode materials, in particular to the preparation technology of rice husk-based porous silicon nanomaterials. Background technique [0002] With the rapid development of communication tools, the improvement of the performance of portable electric tools, and the development of electric vehicles, the research on lithium-ion batteries with high capacity, high rate, long life and low cost is developing rapidly. The improvement of lithium-ion battery anode is of great significance to the development of lithium-ion batteries, and the improvement of anode mainly focuses on the research of high-performance (high capacity, high rate and long life) anode materials. High-capacity anode materials for lithium-ion batteries mainly include lithium metal tin-based (tin or its oxides) and silicon-based (silicon or its oxides). Silicon has a high theoretical capacity (4200 mAh / g), and has the ...

Claims

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Application Information

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Patent Type & Authority Applications(China)
IPC IPC(8): C01B33/023H01M4/38H01M4/36H01M10/0525B82Y30/00
CPCB82Y30/00C01B33/023C01P2002/72C01P2004/04C01P2004/62C01P2006/40H01M4/364H01M4/381H01M4/386H01M10/0525Y02E60/10
Inventor 侯建华蒋坤韩峰戴翔王小治沈明
Owner YANGZHOU UNIV
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