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A kind of technology that extracts lithium from alkaline brine

A technology for extracting lithium and brine, which is applied in the field of lithium extraction, can solve problems such as emulsification failure of extractant, complicated process flow, and increased density of extracted organic phase, so as to avoid small difference in density between the two phases, high operational reliability, and high process efficiency. simple effect

Active Publication Date: 2019-12-13
QINGHAI INST OF SALT LAKES OF CHINESE ACAD OF SCI
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  • Summary
  • Abstract
  • Description
  • Claims
  • Application Information

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

[0003] At present, effective methods for extracting lithium from salt lake brine include solvent extraction, and solvent extraction inevitably uses FeCl3 as the The co-extraction agent increases the density of the extracted organic phase and reduces the density difference between the two phases. It requires high extraction and separation equipment. The traditional mixing and settling tank is difficult to meet the process requirements. High-efficiency centrifugal extraction equipment must be used, which is expensive; at the same time , after the introduction of FeCl3, it is very difficult to regenerate the extractant with alkali, and very precise flow control is required, otherwise it will cause problems such as a decrease in extraction rate or emulsification failure of the extractant
In addition, since the organic phase contains co-extractant FeCl 3 , this requires that the extraction material (brine) must be kept weakly acidic, otherwise Fe will be hydrolyzed, and the brine entering the extraction section must be acidified. Lithium and boron generally exist together in Qinghai Salt Lake, and boric acid must be precipitated during the acidification process. Filtration is required, so it is not suitable for the extraction of lithium in alkaline systems
Moreover, most of the extraction agents currently used for lithium can only achieve the separation of lithium and magnesium, and the extraction effect for alkali metal systems is very poor.
In short, due to the existence of the co-extraction agent FeCl3, the process flow is more complicated, the process control is very difficult, and the investment in equipment is large.

Method used

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  • A kind of technology that extracts lithium from alkaline brine
  • A kind of technology that extracts lithium from alkaline brine
  • A kind of technology that extracts lithium from alkaline brine

Examples

Experimental program
Comparison scheme
Effect test

Embodiment 1

[0065] to Li + The concentration is 2g / L, Na + Add 2 mol / L sodium hydroxide solution to the chloride-type brine with a concentration of 20 g / L, adjust the pH value to 8.5-11.0, and obtain the extracted aqueous phase.

[0066] Benzoyltrifluoroacetone (hereinafter referred to as HBTA), trioctylphosphine oxide (hereinafter referred to as TOPO) and kerosene are mixed to obtain an extracted organic phase; wherein, in the extracted organic phase, the concentration of HBTA and TOPO is 0.4mol / L.

[0067] The extracted organic phase and the extracted aqueous phase prepared above were mixed according to the extraction ratio of 2:3, and three-stage countercurrent extraction was performed, and the single-stage extraction time was controlled to be 6 minutes. After the extraction equilibrium was reached, the raffinate was obtained by static phase separation. liquid and loaded organic phase.

[0068] Using 1mol / L-4mol / L hydrochloric acid solution as the washing solution, carry out three-s...

Embodiment 2

[0074] to Li + The concentration is 2g / L, Na + Add 2 mol / L sodium hydroxide solution to the carbonate brine with a concentration of 40 g / L to adjust its pH value to 10.0 to obtain the extracted aqueous phase.

[0075] Mix HBTA, TOPO and kerosene to obtain an extracted organic phase; wherein, in the extracted organic phase, the concentration of HBTA and TOPO are both 0.3 mol / L.

[0076] The extracted organic phase and the extracted aqueous phase prepared above were mixed according to the extraction ratio of 1:1, and three-stage countercurrent extraction was performed, and the single-stage extraction time was controlled to be 6 minutes. After the extraction equilibrium was reached, the raffinate was obtained by static phase separation. liquid and loaded organic phase.

[0077] Using 2mol / L hydrochloric acid solution as the washing solution, carry out three-stage countercurrent washing on the above-mentioned loaded organic phase, control the washing ratio to 15:1, and the singl...

Embodiment 3

[0083] to Li + The concentration is 2g / L, Na + Add 2 mol / L sodium carbonate solution to the sulfate brine with a concentration of 60 g / L to adjust the pH value to 11.0 to obtain the extracted aqueous phase.

[0084] Mix HBTA, TOPO and kerosene to obtain an extracted organic phase; wherein, in the extracted organic phase, the concentration of HBTA and TOPO are both 0.3 mol / L.

[0085] The extracted organic phase and the extracted aqueous phase prepared above were mixed according to the extraction ratio of 1:1, and three-stage countercurrent extraction was performed, and the single-stage extraction time was controlled to be 6 minutes. After the extraction equilibrium was reached, the raffinate was obtained by static phase separation. liquid and loaded organic phase.

[0086] Using 1mol / L hydrochloric acid solution as the washing solution, carry out three-stage countercurrent washing on the above-mentioned loaded organic phase, control the washing ratio to 20:1, and the single-...

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Abstract

The invention discloses a process for extracting lithium from alkaline brine, which comprises the following steps: providing an extraction water phase, providing an extraction organic phase, an extraction step, a washing step, a reverse extraction step and a regeneration step. According to the process of the present invention, different from the traditional extraction system, the lithium in it can be extracted from the alkaline brine system, and for the first time, the whole process of extraction-washing-extraction-regeneration has been determined, rather than just staying on the basis of the extraction section In terms of research, the process parameters such as the number of stages, phase ratio, and concentration of each reagent for each section of the extraction system were finally determined, providing a basic process route for industrialized production expansion; the process for extracting lithium from alkaline brine It is especially suitable for the filtrate system produced by lithium chloride solution in the process of preparing lithium carbonate products, so as to further extract lithium from the alkaline filtrate brine system in which lithium carbonate is saturated, so as to realize the real comprehensive recycling of salt lake brine, with practical significance.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of salt lake chemical industry, and specifically relates to a process for extracting lithium from alkaline brine. Background technique [0002] Lithium is the lightest metal in nature and has extremely strong electrochemical activity. Its metals and compounds are widely used in glass, ceramics, aluminum smelting, organic chemical industry, aerospace, nuclear fusion and other industries and fields as thermonuclear fusion (hydrogen bomb) explosives, high-performance propellant for aircraft, rockets and missiles, and shielding materials for nuclear reactors. Lithium batteries have 4 to 30 times higher energy storage than ordinary batteries and have good performance. They have long been used as propulsion for torpedoes, submarines, and spacecraft. Lithium-aluminum and lithium-magnesium alloys are high-strength and light-weight, and are good materials for aerospace and rockets, and are favored by the military an...

Claims

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Application Information

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Patent Type & Authority Patents(China)
IPC IPC(8): C22B26/12C22B3/26
CPCC22B26/12C22B3/306Y02P10/20
Inventor 李丽娟张利诚彭小五时东宋富根聂峰韩文生曾忠民姬连敏宋雪雪李慧芳
Owner QINGHAI INST OF SALT LAKES OF CHINESE ACAD OF SCI