Lithium metal anode material protected by natural macromolecular polymer as well as preparation method and application of lithium metal anode material

A natural polymer and lithium metal negative electrode technology, applied in battery electrodes, electrical components, electrochemical generators, etc., can solve the problems of difficult large-scale application, in-situ growth, and harsh reaction conditions, and achieve easy scale The effect of production, inhibition of lithium branch crystal growth, and good cycle performance

Inactive Publication Date: 2018-08-03
XIAMEN UNIV
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  • Summary
  • Abstract
  • Description
  • Claims
  • Application Information

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Problems solved by technology

The most serious problem is the continuous growth of metal lithium dendrites, which leads to a series of problems: (1) The continuous growth of lithium dendrites is easy to puncture the solid electrolyte membrane (SEI film), which intensifies the side reaction with the electrolyte and the instability of the Li metal interface
(2) Lithium dendrites are prone to fracture during the cycle, resulting in the generation of a large amount of dead lithium, which reduces the coulombic efficiency of the battery
(3) The continuous growth of lithium dendrites can easily cause the diaphragm to be pierced, resulting in a short circuit in the battery, which poses a very large safety hazard
However, this method faces the problem of high production cost and difficulty in large-scale application
In addition, metal lithium protective layer is also a common lithium metal protection strategy. At present, most of the reports in the literature are in-situ growth of protective layers directly on the surface of metal lithium. However, due to the strong reactivity of metal lithium, in-situ growth is difficult, and the reaction conditions are harsh. , which also limits the practical use of the method

Method used

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  • Lithium metal anode material protected by natural macromolecular polymer as well as preparation method and application of lithium metal anode material
  • Lithium metal anode material protected by natural macromolecular polymer as well as preparation method and application of lithium metal anode material
  • Lithium metal anode material protected by natural macromolecular polymer as well as preparation method and application of lithium metal anode material

Examples

Experimental program
Comparison scheme
Effect test

Embodiment 1

[0041] (1) Agarose is added into water, stirred in a 95°C water bath until it is completely dissolved, and the obtained concentration is a 5wt% agarose solution; the structural formula of the above-mentioned agarose is

[0042](2) Apply the above-mentioned agarose solution evenly on the pure copper foil, and then vacuum-dry it at 80°C for 10h to obtain a copper current collector with a protective layer (0.5-3 μm in thickness). The tensile strength and The results of 180°peeling are as follows figure 1 and figure 2 shown;

[0043] (3) Combine the above-mentioned copper current collector, Celgard 2400 diaphragm and metal lithium sheet into a half-cell, place it in the electrolyte, and 2 Uniform deposition of 4mAh / cm at a current density of 2 Lithium metal, that is, AG-Cu@Li lithium metal negative electrode, 0.5M bistrifluoromethanesulfonate lithium and 0.5M lithium nitrate in the electrolyte as the conductive salt, the solvent is DME and DOL with a volume ratio of 1:1 com...

Embodiment 2

[0053] (1) Tamarind seed glue (TSP) is added in water, and magnetic stirring is until all dissolvings, and obtaining concentration is the tamarind seed glue solution of 2wt%; The structural formula of above-mentioned tamarind seed glue is as follows Figure 11 as shown,

[0054] (2) Evenly scrape-coat the above-mentioned tamarind seed glue solution on the pure copper foil, and then vacuum-dry it at 80° C. for 10 hours to obtain a copper current collector with a protective layer (0.5-3 μm in thickness);

[0055] (3) Combine the above-mentioned copper current collector, Celgard 2400 diaphragm and metal lithium sheet into a half-cell, place it in the electrolyte, and 2 Uniform deposition of 4mAh / cm at a current density of 2 Metal lithium, that is, TSP-Cu@Li lithium metal negative electrode, 0.5M bistrifluoromethanesulfonate lithium and 0.5M lithium nitrate in the electrolyte as conductive salt, solvent DME and DOL with a volume ratio of 1:1 composed of mixed solvents.

[0056]...

Embodiment 3

[0058] (1) Sodium alginate (SA) is added in water, magnetically stirred until all dissolve, and obtaining concentration is the sodium alginate solution of 2wt%; The structural formula of above-mentioned sodium alginate is

[0059] (2) Evenly scrape-coat the above-mentioned sodium alginate solution on the pure copper foil, and then vacuum-dry it at 80°C for 10 hours to obtain a copper current collector with a protective layer (0.5-3 μm in thickness);

[0060] (3) The above-mentioned copper current collector, Celgard2400 separator and metal lithium sheet are combined into a half-cell, placed in the electrolyte, at 0.5mA / cm 2 Uniform deposition of 4mAh / cm at a current density of 2 Metal lithium, that is, SA-Cu@Li lithium metal negative electrode, 0.5M bistrifluoromethanesulfonate lithium and 0.5M lithium nitrate in the electrolyte as conductive salt, solvent DME and DOL with a volume ratio of 1:1 composed of mixed solvents.

[0061] In this embodiment, the cycle stability met...

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Abstract

The invention discloses a lithium metal anode material protected by a natural macromolecular polymer as well as a preparation method and an application of the lithium metal anode material. The lithiummetal anode material comprises a piece of copper foil, the surface of the copper foil is uniformly coated with a natural macromolecular polymer layer, a metallic lithium deposition layer with the deposition of 2-8 mAh / cm<2> is located at the junction of the copper foil and the natural macromolecular polymer layer, and the natural macromolecular polymer comprises agarose, tamarind seed gum and sodium alginate. The lithium metal anode material protected by the natural macromolecular polymer has good cycle performance and dendrite-free metallic lithium deposition, and the cycle life of lithium metal is prolonged. Compared with an existing surface coating layer construction method, the preparation method has the significant advantages that the process is simple, mass production is easy, and growth of lithium dendrite can be effectively inhibited.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of electrochemical energy systems, and in particular relates to a lithium metal negative electrode material protected by a natural high molecular polymer. Background technique [0002] With the continuous consumption of fossil energy, and the deepening of society's awareness of clean energy, environmental friendliness and sustainable development, the demand for the development of green energy and energy storage systems is becoming increasingly urgent. In recent years, with the rapid development of mobile devices, power vehicles and other fields, there are higher requirements for the capacity and energy density of lithium-ion batteries. At present, the commercial anode materials of lithium-ion batteries mostly use graphite anode, but due to its low theoretical capacity (374mAh / g), it can no longer meet the requirements of lithium-ion batteries for high energy density. Lithium metal anodes are considered to b...

Claims

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Application Information

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Patent Type & Authority Applications(China)
IPC IPC(8): H01M4/134H01M4/1395H01M10/0525
CPCH01M4/134H01M4/1395H01M10/0525Y02E60/10
Inventor 李君涛张少坚尤金海孙世刚黄令周尧
Owner XIAMEN UNIV
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