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A kind of negative electrode for lithium secondary battery and preparation method thereof and lithium secondary battery

A technology of lithium secondary battery and negative electrode, which is applied in the field of negative electrode for lithium secondary battery and its preparation, can solve the problems such as large change in the structure and morphology of lithium powder electrode, high specific surface area of ​​powder porous electrode, and reduced negative electrode reactivity, etc. Achieve the effect of improving electrochemical performance, inhibiting growth and drastic volume change of electrodes, and improving interface stability

Active Publication Date: 2020-11-03
HARBIN INST OF TECH
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  • Summary
  • Abstract
  • Description
  • Claims
  • Application Information

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Problems solved by technology

Kozen et al. used atomic layer deposition (ALD) to form a 14nm thick Al on the surface of the lithium negative electrode. 2 o 3 film, inhibiting interfacial side reactions and lithium dendrite growth, but these methods are complex to prepare and costly
[0004] In the patent with the application number CN 201510394325.7, lithium metal powder is used as the negative electrode. The powder porous electrode has a high specific surface area, which reduces the current density and inhibits the growth of lithium dendrites. Reduced cycle stability
In US 4002492, it is proposed to use Li-Al alloy as the negative electrode, and some people use Li-Sn, Li-Si alloy as the negative electrode to reduce the reactivity of the negative electrode and inhibit the growth of lithium dendrites, but the electrode volume changes drastically during the alloying-dealloying process , leading to electrode pulverization and short battery life

Method used

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  • A kind of negative electrode for lithium secondary battery and preparation method thereof and lithium secondary battery
  • A kind of negative electrode for lithium secondary battery and preparation method thereof and lithium secondary battery
  • A kind of negative electrode for lithium secondary battery and preparation method thereof and lithium secondary battery

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specific Embodiment approach 1

[0039]A negative electrode for a lithium secondary battery. The negative electrode for a lithium secondary battery is mainly composed of a raised array electrode skeleton 1, a nanoscale alloy skeleton 3, and an active metal lithium 2. The raised array electrode with a large aperture The material of the skeleton is any one of Cu, Al, Sn, Fe, Co, Ni, Zn, In, and the nanoscale alloy skeleton includes lithium and non-lithium elements, and the non-lithium element materials include Sn, At least one of Si, Cu, In, Al, Mg, Ge, Zn, Ni, the active metal lithium is filled in the pores of the nano-scale alloy framework, and fully contacts with the nano-scale alloy framework to form a lithium-rich alloy. The lithium-rich alloy is deposited in the pores of the raised array electrode skeleton.

[0040] In the negative electrode for a lithium secondary battery described in this embodiment, the cross-sectional shape of the protrusion array in the protrusion array electrode skeleton is any one ...

specific Embodiment approach 2

[0045] According to the preparation method of the lithium secondary battery negative electrode described in specific embodiment 1, comprises the following steps:

[0046] Step a, preparing a convex array electrode skeleton by a template method;

[0047] Step b, vacuum evaporation or magnetron sputtering to prepare a nanoscale alloy skeleton and fill it with active metal lithium.

[0048] In the preparation method of the negative electrode for lithium secondary battery described in this embodiment, the preparation of the porous template in the raised array electrode skeleton in step a adopts a polycarbonate film with a thickness of 20 μm, and the bombardment by nuclear fission fragments causes damage marks to appear, Then chemical etching is used to corrode the traces into holes to prepare a porous template.

[0049] In the preparation method of the negative electrode for lithium secondary battery described in this embodiment, the vacuum evaporation in step b is prepared in a ...

specific Embodiment approach 3

[0054] According to the lithium secondary battery described in Embodiment 1, the lithium secondary battery includes a casing and a negative electrode for a lithium secondary battery, a positive electrode, an organic electrolyte, and a separator placed in the casing, and the lithium secondary battery The negative electrode for the battery includes a convex array electrode framework, a nanoscale alloy framework and an excessive amount of active lithium metal. The active metal lithium is filled in the pores of the nanoscale alloy framework to form a lithium-rich alloy. The lithium-rich alloy is deposited on the In the pores of the array electrode skeleton.

[0055] According to the lithium secondary battery described in specific embodiment 1, the provided graded lithium-rich alloy negative electrode for the lithium secondary battery reduces the current density, promotes the uniform distribution of current in the lithium-rich alloy, and effectively suppresses the formation of lithi...

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Abstract

The invention provides a negative electrode for a lithium secondary battery, a preparation method thereof and a lithium secondary battery, and belongs to the field of chemical power sources. The negative electrode mainly consists of a convex array electrode skeleton, a nano-scale alloy skeleton and active metal lithium, the material of the large-aperture convex array electrode skeleton is any oneof Cu, Al, Sn, Fe, Co, Ni, Zn and In, the nano-scale alloy skeleton comprises a lithium element and a non-lithium element, the material of he the non-lithium element comprises at least one of Sn, Si,Cu, In, Al, Mg, Ge, Zn, Ni, the active metal lithium is filled in the pores of the nano-scale alloy skeleton and is fully contact with the nano-scale alloy skeleton to form a lithium-rich alloy, and the lithium-rich alloy is deposited in the pores of the convex array electrode skeleton. The negative electrode provided by the invention can prevent the collapse of the electrode due to the structuraldamage of the nano-scale skeleton in a long-term circulation process, fully inhibit the volume change of the electrode to improve the interface stability, and further improve the electrochemical performance of the lithium negative electrode.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention belongs to the field of chemical power sources; in particular, it relates to a negative electrode for a lithium secondary battery, a preparation method thereof and a lithium secondary battery. Background technique [0002] With the development of society, the demand for secondary battery systems with higher energy density is becoming increasingly urgent. Lithium metal has the highest specific capacity (3860mAh / g) and the most negative electrode potential (-3.045V vs. SHE) among the known negative electrode materials, but lithium metal is extremely prone to complex interfacial reactions with the electrolyte, resulting in active Lithium consumption, electrolyte drying up, and interface impedance gradually increase, and then the efficiency continues to decrease during the charge-discharge cycle; the uneven deposition of lithium ions on the electrode surface leads to a large number of lithium dendrites on the electrode surface, and the contin...

Claims

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Application Information

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Patent Type & Authority Patents(China)
IPC IPC(8): H01M4/13H01M4/139
CPCH01M4/13H01M4/139Y02E60/10
Inventor 马玉林李昌锦高云智尹鸽平刘松松
Owner HARBIN INST OF TECH
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