A hollow structure silicon-carbon composite material prepared by a magnesium thermal reduction method and a preparation method thereof

A technology of silicon-carbon composite materials and reduction method, applied in structural parts, nanotechnology for materials and surface science, electrical components, etc., can solve the problem of reducing cycle life, reducing the reversible capacity of silicon-carbon composite materials, and the shedding of negative active materials and other problems, to achieve the effect of improving cycle life, increasing reversible capacity, and large reversible capacity

Inactive Publication Date: 2019-01-18
NANJING UNIV OF TECH
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  • Summary
  • Abstract
  • Description
  • Claims
  • Application Information

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

However, this material does not control the structure of the composite of mesoporous carbon and silicon particles. If the stacked volume of the porous carbon and silicon particle composite is too large, the silicon inside the stacked volume that is deeper from the surface cannot participate in the battery charge-discharge reaction, thus reducing Secondly, the material does not control the particle size of the silicon particles. If the silicon particles are too large, the volume expansion will be large during the charge and discharge cycle of the battery, resulting in the negative electrode active material from the negative electrode collection. Fluid shedding reduces cycle life

Method used

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  • A hollow structure silicon-carbon composite material prepared by a magnesium thermal reduction method and a preparation method thereof
  • A hollow structure silicon-carbon composite material prepared by a magnesium thermal reduction method and a preparation method thereof
  • A hollow structure silicon-carbon composite material prepared by a magnesium thermal reduction method and a preparation method thereof

Examples

Experimental program
Comparison scheme
Effect test

Embodiment 1

[0032] (1) Polystyrene (PS) microsphere emulsion and SiO 2 Preparation of slurry:

[0033] Dissolve 3g of polyvinylpyrrolidone in 180g of water, add 9g of styrene, stir and heat to 70℃, then dissolve 0.2g of initiator azobisisobutylamidine hydrochloride in 30g of water, and add it to a glass reactor to react 24 After hours, a polystyrene (PS) microsphere emulsion is obtained, the particle size range of the microspheres is 200nm;

[0034] Grind SiO with a grinder in the presence of ethanol 2 And in SiO 2 Add acetic acid to control SiO 2 The pH of the slurry is 5.5, the mass solid content is 10%, and the SiO 2 SiO in slurry 2 The average particle size of the particles is 50nm;

[0035] (2) Polystyrene / silica core-shell structure composite (PS / SiO 2 ) Preparation:

[0036] Disperse 8g of polystyrene microsphere emulsion in 100g of water, stir for 10 minutes, continue to add 45g of ethanol, stir for 30 minutes, and mix 6g of SiO 2 The grinding liquid was slowly added dropwise to the above...

Embodiment 2

[0052] (1) Polystyrene (PS) microsphere emulsion and SiO 2 Preparation of slurry:

[0053] Dissolve 5g of polyvinylpyrrolidone in 180g of water, add 10g of styrene, stir and heat to 70℃, then dissolve 0.3g of initiator azobisisobutylamidine hydrochloride in 30g of water, add it to the reaction system and react for 20 hours , Obtain polystyrene (PS) microsphere emulsion, the particle size range of the microsphere is 100nm;

[0054] Grind SiO with a grinder in the presence of ethanol 2 And in SiO 2 Add itaconic acid to control SiO 2 The pH value of the slurry is below 5, the mass solid content is 8%, SiO 2 SiO in slurry 2 The average particle size of the particles is 30nm;

[0055] (2) Polystyrene / silica core-shell structure composite (PS / SiO 2 ) Preparation:

[0056] Disperse 9.0g polystyrene microsphere emulsion in 100g water, stir for 15 minutes, continue to add 50g ethanol, stir for 30 minutes, add 6g SiO 2 The grinding liquid was slowly added dropwise to the above mixed solution, s...

Embodiment 3

[0065] (1) Polystyrene (PS) microsphere emulsion and SiO 2 Preparation of slurry:

[0066] Dissolve 1g of polyvinylpyrrolidone in 180g of water, add 5g of styrene, stir and heat to 70°C, then dissolve 0.1g of initiator azobisisobutylamidine hydrochloride in 30g of water, and add it to a glass reactor for reaction 12 After hours, a polystyrene (PS) microsphere emulsion is obtained, the particle size range of the microspheres is 50nm;

[0067] Grind SiO with a grinder in the presence of ethanol 2 And in SiO 2 Add oxalic acid to control SiO 2 The pH value of the slurry is below 4.5, the mass solid content is 20%, SiO 2 SiO in slurry 2 The average particle size of the particles is 70nm;

[0068] (2) Polystyrene / silica core-shell structure composite (PS / SiO 2 ) Preparation:

[0069] Disperse 3.0g polystyrene microsphere emulsion in 100g water, stir for 12 minutes, continue to add 30g ethanol, stir for 30 minutes, and mix 30g SiO 2 The grinding liquid was slowly added dropwise to the above ...

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Abstract

The invention relates to a hollow structure silicon-carbon composite material prepared by a magnesium thermal reduction method and a preparation method thereof. At first, that polystyrene microsphereemulsion and the SiO2 grinding liquid are prepared, the polystyrene / silicon dioxide core-shell structure composite is obtained through the organic-inorganic interface composite, the carbon / silicon dioxide nanocomposite with hollow structure is obtained through high-temperature calcination, and then magnesium powder is added for reduction reaction to obtain the hollow structure silicon-carbon composite. As that hollow structure silicon-carbon composite material prepare by the method is used for the negative electrode material of the lithium ion battery, the reversible capacity is high, the energy density is high, and the cycle life is long.

Description

Technical field [0001] The invention belongs to a silicon carbon composite material and a preparation method thereof, and relates to a lithium ion battery negative electrode hollow structure silicon carbon composite material and a preparation method thereof. Background technique [0002] In the research and application of anode materials for lithium-ion batteries, silicon-based materials have the highest theoretical specific capacity, pure silicon has a theoretical specific capacity of 4200mAh / g, while the current commercial anode material natural graphite has a theoretical capacity of only 372mAh / g, and silicon is not solvated. It has abundant raw materials storage and higher stability than other metal materials. It is considered to be the most anticipated high-capacity lithium ion battery negative electrode material. However, the silicon negative electrode undergoes severe volume expansion and contraction during the lithium insertion and removal cycles, which causes the destruc...

Claims

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Application Information

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IPC IPC(8): H01M4/36H01M4/38H01M4/62H01M10/0525B82Y30/00B82Y40/00
CPCH01M4/362H01M4/386H01M4/62H01M4/628H01M10/0525B82Y30/00B82Y40/00Y02E60/10
Inventor 刘祥刘洁汪舟鹭冯艳王奥宁
Owner NANJING UNIV OF TECH
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