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A kind of spherical nanoporous silicon/silicon oxide/carbon composite material for lithium ion battery and preparation method thereof

A lithium-ion battery and nanoporous technology, which is applied in the fields of nanotechnology, nanotechnology, battery electrodes, etc. for materials and surface science, can solve the problems of further improvement of electrical properties, complicated preparation methods, and difficulty in industrialized production, etc. Achieve the effect of easy large-scale industrial production, simple process flow and good cycle performance

Active Publication Date: 2021-07-23
DALIAN UNIV OF TECH
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  • Summary
  • Abstract
  • Description
  • Claims
  • Application Information

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Problems solved by technology

This method can effectively slow down the volume expansion of silicon, but the preparation method is also relatively complicated, not easy for industrial production, and the electrical properties need to be further improved

Method used

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  • A kind of spherical nanoporous silicon/silicon oxide/carbon composite material for lithium ion battery and preparation method thereof
  • A kind of spherical nanoporous silicon/silicon oxide/carbon composite material for lithium ion battery and preparation method thereof
  • A kind of spherical nanoporous silicon/silicon oxide/carbon composite material for lithium ion battery and preparation method thereof

Examples

Experimental program
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Effect test

Embodiment 1

[0061]Using silicon / aluminum alloy powder as raw material, the D50 particle size is 20 μm; react the silicon / aluminum alloy powder with HCl solution with a mass concentration of 7%, stir gently for 10 hours under magnetic force, and the reaction temperature is 50°C, use deionized water and anhydrous The ethanol solution was quantitatively filtered 4 times to obtain a spherical nanoporous silicon precipitate; the above spherical nanoporous silicon precipitate was placed in a tube furnace for pre-oxidation treatment, the heating temperature was 120°C, and the pre-oxidation reaction time was 5h, so that the spherical nanoporous silicon precipitate A silicon oxide layer is coated on the surface of the porous silicon to improve the strength and structural stability of the nanoporous silicon structure. The pre-oxidized spherical nanoporous silicon and polyacrylonitrile were magnetically stirred at a mass ratio of 1:1 for 3 hours; the obtained homogeneous mixture of porous silicon / sil...

Embodiment 2

[0063] Using silicon / aluminum alloy powder as raw material, the D50 particle size is 20 μm; react the silicon / aluminum alloy powder with HCl solution with a mass concentration of 7%, stir gently for 10 hours under magnetic force, and the reaction temperature is 50°C, use deionized water and anhydrous The ethanol solution was quantitatively filtered 4 times to obtain a spherical nanoporous silicon precipitate; the above spherical nanoporous silicon precipitate was placed in a tube furnace for pre-oxidation treatment, the heating temperature was 360 ° C, and the pre-oxidation reaction time was 5 h to make the spherical nano-porous silicon precipitate A silicon oxide layer is coated on the surface of the porous silicon to improve the strength and structural stability of the nanoporous silicon structure. The pre-oxidized spherical nanoporous silicon and polyacrylonitrile were magnetically stirred at a mass ratio of 1:1 for 3 hours; the obtained homogeneous mixture of porous silicon...

Embodiment 3

[0066] Using silicon / aluminum alloy powder as raw material, the D50 particle size is 20 μm; the silicon / aluminum alloy powder is chemically reacted with HCl solution with a mass concentration of 7%, stirred gently by magnetic force for 10 hours, and the reaction temperature is 50°C. Quantitative suction filtration of water-ethanol solution 4 times to obtain spherical nanoporous silicon precipitate; put the above-mentioned spherical nanoporous silicon precipitate in a tube furnace for pre-oxidation treatment, the heating temperature is 480 ° C, the pre-oxidation reaction time is 5h, and the spherical A silicon oxide layer is coated on the surface of the nanoporous silicon, which is used to improve the strength and structural stability of the nanoporous silicon structure. The pre-oxidized porous silicon material and polyacrylonitrile were magnetically stirred for 3 hours at a mass ratio of 1:1; the obtained homogeneous mixture of porous silicon / silicon oxide / polymer was sintered ...

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Abstract

The invention discloses a spherical nanoporous silicon / silicon oxide / carbon composite material for lithium ion batteries and a preparation method thereof. The raw materials of the spherical nanoporous silicon / silicon oxide / carbon composite material for lithium ion batteries include: Spherical nanoporous silicon / silicon oxide / carbon, conductive agent and binder with a mass ratio of 6‑8:1‑3:1‑3; spherical nanoporous silicon / silicon oxide / carbon specific surface area of ​​5‑60m 2 / g. The invention successfully prepares micron-scale spherical nanoporous silicon / silicon oxide / carbon multilayer core-shell structure composite negative electrode active material, and coating silicon oxide and carbon layers on the nanoporous structure can enhance the strength of the nanoporous silicon structure and effectively buffer silicon At the same time, the carbon material can improve the conductivity of the composite material, and it is successfully used in lithium-ion batteries, showing better cycle performance.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to a composite material and a preparation method thereof, in particular to a spherical nanoporous silicon / silicon oxide / carbon composite material for lithium ion batteries and a preparation method thereof. Background technique [0002] In order to further meet the demand for high-energy-density batteries in new energy vehicles and other fields, it is necessary to develop new and practical high-capacity lithium-ion battery anode materials. Since silicon materials have a high theoretical lithium storage capacity (~4200mAh / g), which is much higher than the current commercially used graphite-based anode materials (~376mAh / g), and its lithium extraction potential is low and its resource content is rich, but The volume expansion of the silicon material is large (~300%) during the charge and discharge process, and the structural stability is poor, which easily causes the crushing of the electrode material and the serious attenuation of t...

Claims

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Application Information

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Patent Type & Authority Patents(China)
IPC IPC(8): H01M4/36H01M4/38H01M4/62H01M10/0525B82Y30/00
CPCB82Y30/00H01M4/366H01M4/386H01M4/62H01M4/625H01M10/0525Y02E60/10
Inventor 谭毅王凯薛冰孙健铭李清琳
Owner DALIAN UNIV OF TECH
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