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Spherical nano porous silicon/metal composite negative electrode material and preparation method thereof

A nanoporous, metal composite technology, applied in nanotechnology, nanotechnology, nanotechnology for materials and surface science, etc., can solve the problems of electrode material crushing and capacity decay, poor conductivity, large volume expansion, etc., to achieve easy Large-scale industrial production, good cycle performance, and the effect of improving conductivity

Inactive Publication Date: 2019-10-15
DALIAN UNIV OF TECH
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  • Summary
  • Abstract
  • Description
  • Claims
  • Application Information

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Problems solved by technology

[0002] Silicon material has a very high theoretical lithium storage capacity (~4200mAh / g), which is much higher than that of the currently commercially used graphite-based anode materials (~376mAh / g), and it has a low lithium extraction potential and rich resource content, but silicon The volume expansion of the material is large (~300%) during the charging and discharging process, and the structural stability is poor, which is easy to cause the crushing of the electrode material and the serious attenuation of the capacity
On the other hand, silicon is an intrinsic semiconductor with poor electrical conductivity, which will seriously affect its electrical properties. These shortcomings limit the rapid advancement of the commercialization process of silicon-based anode materials.

Method used

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  • Spherical nano porous silicon/metal composite negative electrode material and preparation method thereof
  • Spherical nano porous silicon/metal composite negative electrode material and preparation method thereof
  • Spherical nano porous silicon/metal composite negative electrode material and preparation method thereof

Examples

Experimental program
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Effect test

Embodiment 1

[0050] Using silicon / metal alloy powder as raw material, XRD such as image 3 As shown, the D50 particle size is 5 μm; the silicon / metal alloy powder is reacted with HCl solution with a molar concentration of 0.5M, stirred gently by magnetic force for 1 hour, and the reaction temperature is 25°C. Filter 4 times to obtain a spherical nanoporous silicon / alloy precipitate; place the above spherical nanoporous silicon / alloy precipitate in a vacuum drying oven for treatment at a drying temperature of 80°C for 12 hours to obtain a spherical nanoporous silicon / metal alloy The porosity of the powder is 25.76%, and the content of metal aluminum in the spherical nanoporous silicon / metal alloy powder is 75.81wt.%, and the spherical nanoporous silicon / metal alloy powder is ground with conductive carbon black and sodium carboxymethyl cellulose according to The mass ratio is 6:2:2, and poured into the solvent for grinding to obtain a uniformly mixed slurry; the slurry is coated on the metal...

Embodiment 2

[0052] Using silicon / metal alloy powder as raw material, the D50 particle size is 5 μm; react the silicon / metal alloy powder with HCl solution with a molar concentration of 0.5M, stir gently for 5 hours under magnetic force, and the reaction temperature is 50°C. After the reaction, use deionized water and Quantitative suction filtration of anhydrous ethanol solution 4 times to obtain a spherical nanoporous silicon / alloy precipitate; place the above spherical nanoporous silicon / alloy precipitate in a vacuum drying oven at a drying temperature of 80°C for 12 hours to obtain a spherical The porosity of the nanoporous silicon / metal alloy powder is 63.21%, and the content of metal aluminum in the spherical nanoporous silicon / metal alloy powder is 38.53wt.%. figure 2It can be seen that the shape of the prepared nanoporous silicon / metal composite negative electrode material is a sphere, and the morphology is mainly composed of bulk primary silicon and nanocluster eutectic silicon. T...

Embodiment 3

[0054] Using silicon / metal alloy powder as raw material, D50 particle size is 5 μm; react silicon / metal alloy powder with HCl solution with a molar concentration of 1.0M, stir gently for 1 hour under magnetic force, and the reaction temperature is 50°C. After the reaction, use deionized water and Quantitative suction filtration of anhydrous ethanol solution 4 times to obtain a spherical nanoporous silicon / alloy precipitate; place the above spherical nanoporous silicon / alloy precipitate in a vacuum drying oven at a drying temperature of 80°C for 12 hours to obtain a spherical The content of nanoporous silicon / metal alloy powder is 46.50%, and the content of metal aluminum in spherical nanoporous silicon / metal alloy powder is 64.07wt.%. Sodium cellulose is mixed according to the mass ratio of 6:2:2, and poured into a solvent for grinding to obtain a uniformly mixed slurry; the slurry is coated on a metal copper collector with a coating thickness of 100 μm, at 80°C Place in a vac...

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Abstract

The invention discloses a spherical nano porous silicon / metal composite negative electrode material and a preparation method thereof. The spherical nano porous silicon / metal composite negative electrode material is prepared through the following raw materials: spherical nano porous silicon / metal alloy powders, conductive agents and binding agents, wherein the mass ratio of the spherical nano porous silicon / metal alloy powders, the conductive agents and the binding agents is 6-8:1-3:1-3; porosity of the spherical nano porous silicon / metal alloy powders is 10-95%; and the metal alloy powders isone or combination of more of Al powders, Fe powders, Mg powders, Zn powders or Ca powders. The method successfully prepares the micrometer-level spherical nano porous silicon / metal composite negativeelectrode material; the nanocluster porous structure can effectively relieve the volume expansion effect of silicon, and meanwhile, a certain amount of active metal elements can improve the electrical conductivity of the material; the material is successfully applicable to a lithium ion battery; and through coupling control of the porosity of the composite material and the content of the active metal, the lithium ion battery prepared through the spherical nano porous silicon / metal composite negative electrode material shows good cycling performance.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to a negative electrode material and a preparation method thereof, in particular to a spherical nanoporous silicon / metal composite negative electrode material and a preparation method thereof. Background technique [0002] Silicon material has a very high theoretical lithium storage capacity (~4200mAh / g), which is much higher than that of the currently commercially used graphite-based anode materials (~376mAh / g), and it has a low lithium extraction potential and rich resource content, but silicon The volume expansion of the material is large (~300%) during the charge and discharge process, and the structural stability is poor, which easily causes the crushing of the electrode material and the serious attenuation of the capacity. On the other hand, silicon is an intrinsic semiconductor with poor conductivity, which will seriously affect its electrical properties. These shortcomings limit the rapid advancement of the commercializati...

Claims

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Application Information

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Patent Type & Authority Applications(China)
IPC IPC(8): H01M4/36H01M4/38H01M4/62B82Y30/00H01M10/0525
CPCB82Y30/00H01M4/366H01M4/38H01M4/381H01M4/386H01M4/625H01M10/0525Y02E60/10
Inventor 谭毅王凯
Owner DALIAN UNIV OF TECH
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