Exhaust cooling capacity utilization system of space liquid hydrogen storage tank

Abstract

The invention discloses an exhaust cooling capacity utilization system of a space liquid hydrogen storage tank. The exhaust cooling energy utilization system comprises a compressor, a buffer tank, a throttle valve and a gas-liquid separator which are connected with a gas outlet of the space liquid hydrogen storage tank in the flow direction of working media in sequence; a liquid outlet of the gas-liquid separator communicates with a liquid inlet of the space liquid hydrogen storage tank through a pipeline with a check valve in one way, and a gas outlet of the gas-liquid separator is connectedwith an inlet of an evaporator; and an outlet of the evaporator is connected with an inlet of the compressor. According to the exhaust cooling energy utilization system, by utilizing hydrogen gas cooling capacity generated during heat evaporation of the liquid hydrogen storage tank, part of liquid hydrogen is recycled, and the remaining gas hydrogen cooling capacity is used for cooling the exterior of the liquid hydrogen storage tank; environmental heat leakage is eliminated, and the working time of a precooling mechanism is shortened; the energy consumption of the system is reduced, and the system efficiency is improved; and meanwhile the exhaust cooling capacity utilization system benefits improvement of reliability of the liquid hydrogen storage tank.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to the fields of refrigeration technology and heat insulation technology, in particular to a system for utilizing the exhaust cooling capacity of a space liquid hydrogen storage tank. Background technique [0002] With the development of space technology and the popularization of cryogenic technology, there is an increasing demand for cryogenic liquids in the fields of space exploration, orbital space stations, and space supply stations. As the space detection distance increases, cryogenic liquids often require longer storage time and larger storage capacity. [0003] Liquid hydrogen has the advantages of high specific impulse and no pollution, and can meet the power requirements of long-term on-orbit deep space exploration and spacecraft in the future. However, liquid hydrogen has a low boiling point and will vaporize under the influence of space heat load, resulting in an increase in the internal pressure of the storage tank. I...

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Problems solved by technology

However, this method needs to achieve strict sealing between the refrigerator and the storage tank, and the refrigerator will occupy the space of the liquid hydrogen storage tank, reducing the liquid hydrogen content of the storage tank; After further cooling, the refrigerator is sprayed into the gas phase area of ​​the storage tank to liquefy and recover gas hydrogen. However, in this method, there is a mechanical structure inside the storage tank, and the refrigerator is located around the storage tank. The vibration or heat generated by the refrigerator will affect the liquid hydrogen storage. safe storage of tanks; the third method is to use partitioned refrigerators (JT refrigerators, inverse Brayton refrigerators, etc.) for long-distance cold transportation, and arrange cooling pipes outside the storage tank

This method requires the continuous operation of the refrigerator and the pre-cooling device. If the pre-cooling device fails, the JT refrigerator will fail to provide refrigeration capacity, and the liquid hydrogen in the storage tank will be heated and evaporated, affecting the safe storage of the storage tank.

[0005] On-orbit liquid hydrogen storage tanks are not easy to maintain. Existing cooling solutions mainly achieve long-term storage of liquid hydrogen from the perspective of suppressing liquid hydrogen evaporation.

However, if the space heat load suddenly exceeds the cooling capacity of the refrigerator, the liquid hydrogen will be heated and evaporate, which will affect the safe storage of the storage tank

Most of the current active cooling schemes do not consider the utilization of gas-hydrogen cooling capacity

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