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Method for preparing carbon hollow sphere composite material with low platinum loading capacity, product and application
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A technology of carbon hollow spheres and composite materials, which is applied in the direction of electrical components, battery electrodes, circuits, etc., and can solve problems such as unrealistic applications, unsatisfactory performance, and reduced catalyst activity.
Active Publication Date: 2020-01-14
HUNAN UNIV OF SCI & TECH
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However, the performance of these non-platinum catalysts is not ideal when applied to practical ORR systems, far from the performance of platinum materials.
This is mainly because such materials have poor catalytic ORR stability due to the absence of platinum, because in the actual battery system, a large amount of oxygen is reduced by the catalyst, and a certain amount of intermediate products are also produced when oxygen is reduced to water. Hydrogenperoxide, which has a more severe poisoning effect on these non-platinum catalysts, thereby significantly reducing the activity of the catalyst
Therefore, such non-platinum catalysts have not been practically used in battery systems at present.
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Embodiment 1
[0020] (1) According to the improved existing technology (Wei Wu, Wei Zhang, Yu Long, et al, Journal of Colloidand Interface Science 531 (2018) 642–653), prepare nickel-cobalt-doped polydopamine-coated silica Ball (PDA-Co 3 Ni 1 @SiO 2 ):
[0021] First, prepare silica balls with a diameter of 360 – 380 nm, that is, under constant stirring, slowly add 20 mL of ethyl orthosilicate to the mixture of 250 mL of ethanol, 100 mL of water and 13 mL of ammonia (containing 25wt ammonia). %) in the mixed solution, after the addition is complete, continue to stir at a constant speed for 3 hours, the resulting solid is centrifuged, and washed with water and ethanol 3 times each, 50 o Vacuum drying at C for 24 hours to obtain silica balls;
[0022] Next, ultrasonically disperse 1 g of the above silica balls in 2000 mL of water to form a uniform dispersion; then add 0.1 g of NiCl 2 ×6H 2 O and 0.3 g CoCl 2 ×6H 2 O, continue sonication, after complete dissolution, add 1 g of dopamine, continue so...
Embodiment 2
[0032] Steps (1) and (2) are the same as steps (1) and (2) of Example 1, respectively.
[0033] (3) Add 500 mg of the above rGO / Co 3 Ni 1 / C-N@SiO 2 The solid was mixed with 50 mL of absolute ethanol, sonicated to make the solid uniformly dispersed, and then 25 mg of chloroplatinic acid (H 2 PtCl 6 ×6H 2 O), after ultrasonic treatment of the obtained mixture for 4 hours, the ethanol was evaporated and dried in vacuum at room temperature, and the obtained solid was recorded as the nano-platinum precursor.
[0034] Steps (4), (5), (6), and (7) are the same as steps (4), (5), (6), and (7) of Embodiment 1, respectively.
[0035] The test results are listed in the table below:
[0036]
Embodiment 3
[0038] Steps (1) and (2) are the same as steps (1) and (2) of Example 1, respectively.
[0039] (3) Add 500 mg of the above rGO / Co 3 Ni 1 / C-N@SiO 2 The solid was mixed with 50 mL of absolute ethanol, sonicated to make the solid uniformly dispersed, and then 50 mg of chloroplatinic acid (H 2 PtCl 6 ×6H 2 O). After ultrasonic treatment of the obtained mixture for 4 hours, the ethanol was evaporated and dried under vacuum at room temperature. The obtained solid was recorded as the nano-platinum precursor.
[0040] Steps (4), (5), (6), and (7) are the same as steps (4), (5), (6), and (7) of Embodiment 1, respectively.
[0041] The test results are listed in the table below:
[0042]
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Abstract
A method for preparing a carbon hollow sphere composite material with a low platinum loading capacity is provided. The method comprises: firstly, preparing a graphene-modified, nickel-cobalt-doped, and carbon-nitrogen-composite-covered silica sphere; then, ultrasonically dispersing the silica sphere and a platinum compound in ethanol to form a nano-platinum precursor; thermally reacting the precursor in formamide, wherein a platinum-nickelcobaltalloy formed by the reaction of the platinum ions and nickel-cobalt is dispersed in a system; finally, highly dispersing, by mixing the with solublestarch and dicyandiamide, the formed platinum-nickel cobalt alloy nano-particles in the carbon-nitrogen composite under high-temperature pyrolysis, wherein the soluble starch and the dicyandiamide form a composite similar to a graphenenanosheet after the high-temperature pyrolysis to cover a catalyst surface such that the catalyst stability is improved accordingly. The catalyst has a low platinumcontent, but has significantly improved activity and stability, has excellent ORR electrical activity and stability, low cost, and a simple process, and is an ORR electrocatalyst with an important application value.
Description
Technical field [0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of electrochemical energy materials, and specifically relates to a preparation method and application of a carbon hollow sphere composite material with low platinum loading. Background technique [0002] Oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) is a chemical process with important applications. It is an indispensable reaction in many new electrochemical energy systems. For example, fuel cells, including fuel cells with different alcohols (methanol, ethanol, etc.), hydrogen-oxygenfuel cells, and metal-air batteries, all have ORR cathode reactions. Whether ORR can be carried out efficiently and quickly has a decisive influence on the performance of these batteries. Normally, ORR itself is a slow kinetics process. In a battery system, whether ORR can proceed quickly or not depends mainly on the performance of the electrocatalyst. Therefore, research and development of new materials with excellent electrocatalytic activity ...
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