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Method for recovering platinum group metal from waste catalyst through melt extraction vacuum distillation

A technology of waste catalysts and platinum group metals, which is applied in the direction of improving process efficiency, can solve problems such as complex processes, and achieve the effects of shortened treatment process, simple process, and low energy consumption

Pending Publication Date: 2020-03-06
CENT SOUTH UNIV
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  • Summary
  • Abstract
  • Description
  • Claims
  • Application Information

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

It uses Pb as a collector, adopts high-temperature smelting by fire method-vacuum distillation, and requires slagging of the catalyst carrier, and the process is more complicated

Method used

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  • Method for recovering platinum group metal from waste catalyst through melt extraction vacuum distillation

Examples

Experimental program
Comparison scheme
Effect test

Embodiment 1

[0041] See attached figure 1According to the technical process, the waste automobile catalyst is crushed to about 15mm; take 2Kg of waste automobile scrap (including Pt 365g / t, Pd 1020g / t, Rh 220g / t), coke 0.1Kg and fully mix it with 10Kg metal Pb Place in a closed reaction furnace, heat up to 800°C to melt metal Pb for melt capture, and finally obtain an alloy eutectic rich in platinum group metals and a solid catalyst carrier. The two are divided into two types due to immiscibility and large difference in specific gravity. Two layers, the upper layer is a solid catalyst carrier, and the lower layer is an alloy eutectic; when the melt is cooled, the alloy will gradually solidify and separate from the catalyst carrier, put the alloy melt into a vacuum furnace, control the pressure in the furnace to 5Pa, and the temperature At 950°C, keep the temperature for 30 minutes to obtain Pb condensate and platinum group metal residues, and return the Pb condensate to the melt for extrac...

Embodiment 2

[0043] See attached figure 1 According to the technical process, the waste automobile catalyst is crushed to about 10mm; take 1Kg of waste automobile scrap (including Pt 370g / t, Pd 1100g / t, Rh 198g / t), coke 0.05Kg and fully mix it with 5Kg metal Sb Put it in a closed reaction furnace, raise the temperature to 1000°C to melt metal Sb for melt capture, and finally obtain an alloy eutectic rich in platinum group metals and a solid catalyst carrier. The two are divided into two types due to immiscibility and large difference in specific gravity. Two layers, the upper layer is a solid catalyst carrier, and the lower layer is an alloy eutectic; after cooling the melt, the alloy will gradually solidify and separate from the catalyst carrier, put the alloy melt into a vacuum furnace, control the pressure in the furnace to 10Pa, and the temperature The temperature is 950°C, and the temperature is kept constant for 60 minutes to obtain Sb condensate and platinum group metal residues, an...

Embodiment 3

[0045] See attached figure 1 According to the technical process, the waste automobile catalyst is crushed to about 20mm; take 2Kg of waste automobile scrap (including Pt 390g / t, Pd 1050g / t, Rh 210g / t), coke 0.1Kg and fully mix it with 10Kg metal Bi Put it in a closed reaction furnace, raise the temperature to 900°C to melt the metal Bi for melt capture, and finally obtain an alloy eutectic rich in platinum group metals and a solid catalyst carrier. The two are divided into two types due to immiscibility and large difference in specific gravity Two layers, the upper layer is a solid catalyst carrier, and the lower layer is an alloy eutectic; after cooling the melt, the alloy will gradually solidify and separate from the catalyst carrier, put the alloy melt into a vacuum furnace, control the pressure in the furnace to 15Pa, and the temperature At 1000°C, keep the temperature for 40 minutes to obtain Bi condensate and platinum group metal residues, and return the Bi condensate to...

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Abstract

The invention discloses a method for recovering platinum group metal from a waste catalyst through melt extraction vacuum distillation. A waste catalyst crushing material containing the platinum groupmetal and a reducing agent are fully mixed to obtain a melt extraction raw material; the melt extraction raw material and an extraction agent are subjected to melt extraction at a temperature higherthan the melting point of the extraction agent to obtain a low-melting-point alloy eutectic body and a solid catalyst carrier, wherein the extraction agent comprises a Pb single-element extraction agent, a Sb single-element extraction agent or a Bi single-element extraction agent or a two-element or multi-element mixed extraction agent containing two elements or above; and the low-melting-point alloy eutectic body is subjected to vacuum distillation to obtain a platinum group metal alloy and an extraction agent condensation product. According to the method, the platinum group metal in the waste catalyst is recovered by adopting the methods of the melt extraction and vacuum distillation, the extraction temperature is low, a slagging process of a conventional metal trapping process is avoided, the melting point of the extraction agent is low, the saturated vapor pressure is large, and vacuum distillation separation is easy, the extraction agent is recycled, the process is clean, efficient and energy-saving.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of precious metal secondary resource recovery, and in particular relates to a method for recovering platinum group metals in waste automobile catalysts through melt extraction-vacuum distillation. Background technique [0002] Automobile and petrochemical industry are the industries with the highest consumption of platinum group metals. More than 60% of platinum, palladium and rhodium are used in the production of automobile exhaust purification catalysts and petrochemical catalysts every year. Utilizing the high catalytic activity and stability of platinum group metals, they can catalyze automobile exhaust without Hazardous chemical and petroleum cracking processes, reducing the environmental hazards of automobile exhaust and improving the quality of petrochemical products. [0003] With the vigorous development of the global automobile and petrochemical industries and the improvement of environmental prote...

Claims

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Application Information

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Patent Type & Authority Applications(China)
IPC IPC(8): C22B7/00C22B11/02
CPCC22B11/026Y02P10/20
Inventor 郭学益王松松王亲猛田苗田庆华李栋
Owner CENT SOUTH UNIV
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